end-to-end testing

End-to-end testing:

    End-to-end testing simulates user behavior. In a web application, they would start the server, open the browser, click around, assert that something specific happened in the browser, and give us confidence that the functionality works. These tests give us a lot of confidence, but they are slow, brittle, and tightly coupled to the user interface.

    Unlike Behavior Driven Testing (BDD) and unit tests that run independently and use mocks/stubs, end-to-end testing will try to simulate as much as possible the access behavior of the real system from the user's perspective. For web applications, this means opening a browser, loading pages, running JavaScript, and interacting with the DOM.