Critical section: refers to a section of code in a process that needs to access shared resources and will not be executed when another process is in the corresponding code region
Mutual exclusion: When a process is in a critical section and accesses a shared resource, no other process will be in the critical section and access any of the same shared resources
Deadlock: Two or more processes are waiting for each other to complete a specific task, but eventually cannot carry out their own tasks.
Starvation: An executable process that is continuously ignored by the scheduler so that it is not executed even though it is in the executable state