Linux installation Oracle11g documentation

Linux installation Oracle11G documentation
1. Preparation of the installation software environment:
n  Centos-6.5-X64.iso
n  SecureCRT.exe
n  FileZilla.exe
n  linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
n  linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
 
 
2. Install Centos6.5 system
1: Configure the network environment
Set as a fixed IP address as required
[root@oracledb ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
 
DEVICE=eth0 
HWADDR = 00: 0C: 29: A0: 64: 4E
IPADDR=192.168.120.250
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.120.254 
 
2: Set the hosts file
Set local parsing files (hosts) due to actual production requirements
[root@oracledb ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.120.250    oracledb
 
3: Modify the machine name
Modify the computer name of the local machine according to your needs, which can be ignored (the system needs to be restarted after the modification is completed)
[root@oracledb ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=oracledb
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Third, configure the Oracle installation environment
1: Install RPM software dependencies
Before installing Oracle, use the command to check whether the necessary RPM package is installed. The command to check is as follows: (This operation needs to be performed in a networked environment. If you cannot connect to the Internet, please refer to 1.1)
[root@oracledb ~]#rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio  libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
 
After checking, it is found that there are uninstalled packages that need to be installed. The command is as follows:
[root@oracledb ~]#yum -y install   compat-libstdc++-33  elfutils-libelf-devel gcc-c++ gcc  ksh libaio-devel libstdc++-devel  numactl-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.1: Unable to install RPM dependencies in a networked environment
Use the ISO image file as a local library for yum to install
Use FileZilla to upload the ISO file to /tmp (here is to omit the operation steps and upload the following two oracle compressed packages), after uploading, go to /tmp to check whether it is normal:
[root@oracledb ~]# cd /tmp
[root@oracledb tmp]# ls
CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso     orbit-gdm           virtual-root.ZSFEt0
keyring-JgajZ4                     orbit-root          yum.log
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip  pulse-FQHcchB7qAqm
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip  pulse-KvZzt9ppB3fG
 
Create a virtual CD-ROM directory for mounting iso files
[root@oracledb ~]# mkdir  /mnt/vcdrom
 
Mount the ISO file
[root@oracledb ~]# mount -o loop /tmp/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso  /mnt/vcdrom
 
Next, you need to create a local yum source and specify the repository location. The default repository configuration directory of yum is /etc/yum.repos.d . The files ending in .repo in this directory are the repository addresses of yum.
[root@oracledb ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
 
Create a temporary folder
[root@oracledb yum.repos.d]#mkdir  temp/ 
 
change name
[root@oracledb yum.repos.d]#cp CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Media.repo.bak
 
 
 
Move extra files to temp/
[root@oracledb yum.repos.d]#mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo.bak CentOS-Vault.repo  temp/
 
Modify YUM source path
[root@oracledb yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS-Media.repo
[c6-half]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl = file: /// mnt/vcdrom1/
        file:///media/cdrom/
        file:///media/cdrecorder/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
 
make yum source take effect immediately
[root@oracledb ~#yum clean all
[root@oracledb ~]#yum list (if no error is reported, all rpm packages will be listed)
 
2: New user (Oracle)
[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@oracledb ~]# groupadd dba
[root@oracledb ~]# useradd -g oinstall -g dba oracle
[root@oracledb ~]# passwd oracle
Change the password for user oracle.
new password:
Re-enter new password:
passwd: All authentication tokens have been successfully updated.
 
 
3: Create the Oracle folder
[root@oracledb ~]#mkdir -p /home/oracle/app
[root@oracledb ~]#mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle
[root@oracledb ~]#mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oradata
[root@oracledb ~]#mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/product
[root@oracledb ~]#chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app
 
 
4: Modify the resource limit of the user (PAM authentication configuration file)
 
 
/etc/security/limits.conf is a Linux resource usage configuration file used to limit users' usage of system resources
[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047 # Warning set the maximum number of open processes for all users to 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384 # Strictly set the maximum number of open processes for all users to 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024 # Warning set the maximum number of open files for all users to 1024
oracle hard nofile 65535 # Strictly set the maximum number of open files for all users to 65535
 
 
Add the configuration file to the login authentication module and prevent local login from returning to the login state
[root@oracledb ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session    required     /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session    required     pam_limits.so~
 
 
Environment Variable File User (Oracle) Process Limit
[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384 #Set the maximum value of the pipe buffer set by the shell startup process
    ulimit -n 65536 #Set the maximum number of file descriptors that the kernel can open at the same time.
  else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
  be
be
[root@oracledb ~]# source /etc/profile (to make the configuration take effect immediately)
 
5: Modify Linux kernel parameters
(comment out the original kernel.shmall/kernel.shmmax)
[root@oracledb ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
 
[root@oracledb ~]#sysctl -p (to make the configuration take effect)
 
 
 
 
6: Turn off Selinux (Security Protocol)
[root@oracledb ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config (permanent shutdown, need to restart to take effect)
 SELINUX=disabled
 
[root@oracledb ~]# setenforce 0 (temporary shutdown, no need to restart)
7: Turn off the firewall
[root@oracledb ~]# service iptables stop
[root@oracledb ~]# chkconfig iptables off
 
 
 
 
Fourth, install the Oracle database
1: Upload the installation package and unzip it
[root@oracledb ~]# cd /tmp/
[root@oracledb tmp]# unzip  linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[root@oracledb tmp]# unzip  linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
 
2: Modify environment variables (switch Oracle account)
[root@oracledb ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracledb /]$ vim ~/.bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib64
[oracle@oracledb /]$ source ~/.bash_profile (to make the configuration take effect immediately)
 
3: Solve system installation garbled characters (if the system is in English, ignore it)
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ export.UTF-8
 
4: Start installing Oracle
Use the oracle account to log in to the system interface to install:
[oracle@oracledb~]$ cd  /tmp/database
[oracle@oracledb~]$./runInstaller
 
5: During the installation process, you will be prompted to run the shell script
[oracle@oracledb~]$sh   home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
 
[oracle@oracledb~]$sh   home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
 
 
 
5. Problem phenomenon and solution
Q1: IP address does not match hosts file
View local hosts file
[root@oracledb ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
Oracledb   192.168.120.250   
 
It is found that the order of the host name and IP address is reversed, and it is normal after modification.
 
 
Q2: Error reported during installation (Rpm dependency package problem)
The above is caused by the lack of some dependent packages. Do not cancel the error report. Reinstall all dependent packages through the root account under SecureCRT and click "Retry" to install normally.