An overview of blockchain for beginners

• What is blockchain?
• Blockchain is a distributed network
• Blockchain can help multiple nodes reach a consensus to record things related to Token (virtual asset certificate)
• Blockchain can help everyone build their own small economic system without barriers
• Blockchain: The network is a peer-to-peer (P2P) network
• Blockchain Architecture:
• Application layer: Various applications based on blockchain: Ethereum cat raising game, bank point system
• Interface layer: Provide API interface, web interface, wallet interface, CLI interface
• Network Layer (P2P): Authentication, Node Discovery, Communication, Join and Exit
• Data layer (blockchain bottom layer): consensus mechanism, incentive measures, data format, design of smart contracts
• Three blockchain technology frameworks:
• bitcoin
• Ethereum
• Hyperledger/Fabric
• Bitcoin:
• Bitcoin is an encrypted digital currency and a global payment system
• The first decentralized digital currency
• ecash: Use cryptographic blind signature technology to solve privacy problems (analog example: to sign a document is to put a carbon paper inside the envelope, when the signer signs on the envelope, his signature will sign on the document through the carbon paper. Features: 1. The signer does not know what to sign. 2. The signer does not know that the signature for future verification was signed at that time)
• Hashcash: Use the Pow algorithm to solve the spam dos attack problem (purpose: mail filtering core thinking: let the cost of spam POW algorithm: originate here)
  
• B-money: Channel synchronization is required, and there is a third-party arbitration
• Ethereum
• Open source public blockchain platform with smart contract function
• Smart contract: The program stored on the blockchain is run by each node, and the person who needs to run the program pays the fee to the miners and stakeholders of the node
• Uncle block: Incorporates shorter blockchains that have not been included in the parent chain in time due to their slow speed. It uses the related technology of directed acyclic graph
• Proof of Stake: Compared with Proof of Work, it can save a lot of computer resources wasted in mining, and avoid network centralization caused by special application integrated circuits (not yet implemented)
• Lightning Network: Can increase transaction speed, reduce the burden on the blockchain, and improve scalability. (Not yet implemented)
• The development community is solid, growing, and willing to use hard forks
  
• Fabric architecture
• BlockChain Explorer: Web application for displaying and querying blockchain, transactions and related data
• Fabric: An Implementation of Blockchain Technology
• STL-Sawtooth Lake: Highly Modular Distributed Ledger Platform
• lroha: Lightweight distributed ledger with a focus on mobile
• Cello: A toolset for BaaS that helps create, manage, and terminate blockchains
  
• Features: 1. Multi-channel 2. Split Peer function 3. Pluggable (consensus, CA, node, database)