Play is the most important value in children's education, and it is also the link that Chinese parents are most likely to despise and ignore. Children's time should not be overcrowded with study and training, and there should be plenty of playtime at their disposal.
Playing alone or with other children is important for a child's cognitive, physical, interpersonal, and emotional well-being.
Play is as essential to the growth of children as vitamins. It is the child's favorite activity and an activity suitable for the healthy development of children's personality. We can find everywhere that children are very engaged and happy when they play. Although it is playing, but it seems to be serious work. For children, games are not casual play in the eyes of adults, but a kind of "serious work." Children combine the purpose of "serious" with the happy emotions in the process of playing, and adults often focus only on the latter , ignoring the former. The former Soviet educator Makarenko once said: "Play is of great significance in children's lives, and has the same significance as adult activities, work and labor.
Although games are activities that children like, there are many types of games, many ways, and they are very complicated, which requires children to "know" to play. How can children learn to play? How to achieve the effect of education? This also has to rely on adult guidance, but this guidance dominates, directs, but not intervention, control. The guiding role of adults is reflected as supporters, helpers, protectors and play partners of children's "play". Specifically speaking from the following five aspects.
How to let children learn to "play" correctly
1. Create a good play environment for children
The creation of a good game environment caused by a specific environment is the premise for children to "play". First of all, in terms of material conditions, there should be things that children want to play, curious toys or other materials that help children participate in the game; at the same time, there should be places for children to "play", such as rooms, outdoor grass, children's playground, etc. , Furthermore, from the perspective of psychological needs, a relaxed and free atmosphere, adults' care for children, and a good psychological environment for children can stimulate children's interest in games. But parents don't blame the child for restricting the child's play, interfering with the child's play, and changing the rules of the child's game because the child messes up the room. If so, it would change the free, enjoyable, natural, and exploratory nature of the game itself. Children should be allowed to become masters of games in a good material and psychological environment, fully express themselves, and truly let children enjoy the fun of games.
2. In the process of playing, give necessary guidance and help
For young children, play is not entirely spontaneous activities, but also requires imitation and learning. Especially for younger children, it is more necessary for adults to give appropriate guidance to motivate children to play. Only in this way can children generate imagination, and use materials to enrich the content and plot of the game based on memory and representation. But not all games work well for children. Parents should pay more attention to understanding their children's games, find problems in time, and solve them. If it is found that the children are showing the behaviors of adults drinking and fighting in the game, they should correct the children's bad behavior in time, clarify the reasons, explain the interests and interests, and guide the children to play from the front.
3. Effectively cultivate children's sense of autonomy and cooperation in "play"
When teaching children to play, they should pay attention to cultivating their sense of autonomy, so that children can develop independent play without relying on adults. In Western countries, more emphasis is placed on cultivating children's independence. Newborn babies are placed in a separate room, let the children sleep by themselves, and most children over one year old can play by themselves. In our case, parents are always afraid that their children will not play, that their children will fall and hurt, and they always stay by their side. Over time, they will develop the habit of relying on adults and will not think about problems by themselves, which will affect the The sound development of the child's personality.
It is a child's nature to like to play with peers, and in early childhood, the need to interact with peers is even stronger. At this time, parents should not refuse other children to play with their children. Children learn how to get along with people through play with their peers. If children play with adults for a long time, adults will not consciously accommodate and protect children, which is easy to breed domineering and conceited behaviors, which is not conducive to children's growth. Therefore, adults should encourage children to play games with their partners, so that children can get exercise from games and develop children's sense of cooperation in games with peers.
Fourth, let children participate in outdoor activities and sports games
Now, urban life makes people gradually lose the opportunity to get close to nature, and gradually cancel the opportunity for children to get along with nature. In its place is television, video games, electric toys and the Internet. This will hinder the child's interest in exploring the natural world. Therefore, parents and teachers should take their children to the outdoor world for games and activities. Outdoors, children can play unrestrainedly, and the little friends have fun, creatively let children get in touch with natural substances such as water, soil, animals and plants, expand children's horizons, cultivate children's emotions, and enrich children's inner world. At the same time, parents and teachers should also lead their children to participate in more sports activities to exercise their children's athletic ability and motor coordination. Develop children's responsiveness. In particular, engage in more operational activities and sports, and parents should not only provide children with image, electric and intellectual toys. There should be some sports toys, such as balls, dumbbells, skipping ropes, etc. In this way, children not only gain happiness from activities, but also exercise coordination, flexibility and accuracy of children's movements, and can also promote the development of children's physical fitness.
5. Control the number of toys and let children develop the habit of cleaning up toys
Children's games are inseparable from toys, but it is not the more the better. We should actively choose toys for children according to their needs. In the same period of time, if there are too many toys, it will affect the child's attention, and nothing can be played, which will lead to differences in the effect of the game. Therefore, each time you give your child some toys, put away the rest, and get a new one when you get tired of playing. This is often new, but also conducive to cultivate children's attention.
After the child has finished playing, the child should develop the habit of cleaning up the toys. In this way, children can develop a good habit of loving cleaning, improve their aesthetic ability and self-care ability, and lay the foundation for orderly work, good start and good finish, and a sense of responsibility in the future. However, to develop this habit, adults should not force children to clean up. And the method of using games to guide children to clean up tirelessly. For example, "the ragdoll is tired, she should go to bed; the car should go into the garage to rest" habits become natural, and over time, children will naturally and consciously pack their toys.
The game is in line with the child's physical and mental characteristics and can effectively meet the child's needs. In the early childhood, let the children learn to "play", let the children develop their imagination in free play, let the children be full of passion in the play, let the children learn to do things and be a person in the play.
Editor’s summary: In the process of playing, children try to use their known knowledge to explain the questions they find, use their own methods to explore the unknown world, and learn to deal with various problems encountered in life by getting along with others. So as a parent, it should be noted that although in order to ensure safety, the process of children's play can be monitored, but the entire play time should be decided by the children themselves, and there should be no obvious planning for play. Let the children learn to play, what else can children who can't play?