Closures and Decorators

Concepts of closures and decorators:

　　Closure: An inner function is defined in an outer function, the inner function uses the temporary variables of the outer function, and the return value of the outer function is a reference to the inner function, which is called a closure

　　Decorator: A decorator is a closure

 

Examples of decorators:

def func1():
    print("func1() called")

def decorator(f):
    print("before f() called")
    return f

f1 = decorator(func1) 
f1() 
f2 = decorator(func1) 
f2() #When 
we replace