Introduction: For the elaboration of cloud computing, we will start from the five aspects of cloud computing concept, principle, classification, characteristics and application.
Author: Wang Jianzong, He Anxun, Li Zeyuan
Source: Big Data DT (ID: hzdashuju)
01 Cloud Computing Concept
Cloud computing is a kind of distributed computing technology. Its principle is to decompose the huge data computing processing program running into countless small programs through the network "cloud", and then hand it over to the computing resource sharing pool for searching, computing and After analysis, the processing results are sent back to the user.
The cloud connects the other end of the network, providing users with elastic resources and architecture that can be accessed on demand. Users pay as needed and obtain the computing resources they need from the cloud, including storage, databases, servers, application software, and networks, which greatly reduces usage costs.
The essence of cloud computing is comprehensive elasticity from resources to architecture . This innovative and flexible resource reduces operating costs and better suits changing business needs.
02 The principle of cloud computing
Cloud computing is to connect servers or computers to form a huge resource pool to obtain the performance of supercomputers while ensuring lower costs. The emergence of cloud computing brings high-performance parallel computing closer to ordinary users, making computing resources as convenient as water and electricity consumption , thereby greatly improving the utilization of computing resources and the work efficiency of users.
The cloud computing model can be simply understood as, whether it is the type of service or the information architecture for executing the service, relying on the Internet to provide application services to users, so that they do not need to know where the server is and how it works internally, and can use it through a browser.
03 Classification of cloud computing
Not all cloud computing is the same, and not one type of cloud computing is right for everyone. Cloud computing of different models, types, and services can help provide solutions that meet needs.
From the perspective of deploying cloud computing , cloud computing can be divided into three categories.
Public cloud: A public cloud usually refers to a cloud provided by a third-party provider for users to use, and a public cloud can generally be used through the Internet. Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, and Baidu Cloud are examples of applications for public clouds, where all hardware, software, and other supporting infrastructure are owned and managed by the cloud provider
Private Cloud: A private cloud is a cloud built for the sole use of a customer, thus providing the most effective control over data, security, and quality of service. Companies using private clouds own the infrastructure and control how applications are deployed on this infrastructure
Hybrid cloud: A hybrid cloud is a combination of two deployment methods, public cloud and private cloud. Not all information in an enterprise can be placed on the public cloud for security and control reasons. Therefore, most enterprises that have applied cloud computing will use a hybrid cloud model
From the perspective of the type of services provided , cloud computing can be divided into three categories.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Provides computing resources to businesses—including servers, networking, storage, and data center space
Pros: No need to invest in your own hardware, infrastructure can be scaled on demand to support dynamic workloads, flexible, innovative services can be provided as needed
Platform as a Service (PaaS): Provides a cloud-based environment with everything needed to support the entire lifecycle of building and delivering web-based (cloud) applications
Pros: Develop applications to get to market faster, deploy new web applications to the cloud in minutes, reduce complexity with middleware-as-a-service
Software as a Service (SaaS): runs on remote computers in the cloud that are owned and used by others and connected to the user's computer via a network and a web browser
Pros: Easy and fast access to innovative business applications, access to applications and data from any computer connected to it, no data loss if computer breaks, as data is stored in the cloud
04 Features of cloud computing
1. Scalability
In cloud computing, physical or virtual resources can be rapidly scaled horizontally and have strong elasticity. Through automated provisioning, resources can be rapidly increased or decreased. Cloud service customers can obtain unlimited physical or virtual resources anytime and anywhere through the network.
Customers using cloud computing do not have to worry about resource volume and capacity planning, and if needed, customers can easily and quickly acquire unlimited resources within the scope of the new service agreement. The division and supply of resources are only subject to service agreements, and do not need to be maintained by expanding storage capacity or maintaining bandwidth. This reduces the cost of acquiring computing resources.
2. Hyperscale
The cloud computing center has a considerable scale, and the number of servers of many companies providing cloud computing has reached hundreds of thousands or millions. Enterprises using private clouds typically have hundreds or thousands of servers. The cloud can integrate these huge computer clusters to provide users with unprecedented storage and computing power.
3. Virtualization
When a user makes an application service acquisition request through various terminals, the application service runs somewhere in the cloud, and the user does not need to know the specific running location and the number of participating servers, but only needs to obtain the required results. It effectively reduces the interaction between cloud service users and providers, simplifies the application process, and reduces users' time and usage costs.
Cloud computing shields users from the processing complexity by abstracting the processing process. For users, they only know that the service is working properly, not how the resources are being used. Resource pooling transfers maintenance and other tasks that originally belonged to the user to the provider.
4. On-demand service
Without additional manual interaction or full hardware investment, users can get the services they need anytime, anywhere. Users get services on demand and only pay for the services they use.
This virtualized software scheduling center can improve efficiency and avoid waste. Similar to when people eat at home and want to eat a variety of meals, they need to buy a variety of tableware and ingredients, which will cause tableware to be idle and meals to be wasted. Cloud computing is like eating a buffet , you don't need to prepare ingredients and tableware by yourself, take as much as you need, and take whatever you want. On-demand service, pay-as-you-go.
Cloud computing services monitor user service usage and billing through measurable service delivery. The main value that cloud computing brings to users is to take users out of the business model of low efficiency and low asset utilization, and enter the high-efficiency model. .
5. High reliability
First, the massive resources of cloud computing can easily provide redundancy; secondly, virtualization, one of the basic technologies for building cloud computing, can separate resources and hardware, and when hardware fails, resources can be easily migrated and restored .
At the hardware and software level, multiple copies of data are used for fault tolerance, computer node isomorphism, etc., and redundant designs are used in facilities, energy cooling, and network connections. At the same time, in order to eliminate various emergencies, such as power failures, natural disasters and other damage to the computer system, it is necessary to build public cloud data centers in different geographical locations, thereby eliminating some possible single points of failure.
The mature deployment, monitoring and security technologies used by cloud computing systems further ensure service reliability.
6. Extensive network access
Cloud computing users can easily access the physical and virtual resources provided by cloud computing service providers through various client devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, etc., wherever the network is covered.
05 Cloud computing applications
Cloud computing is one of the three most popular technology fields at present. Its industrial scale is growing rapidly, and its application fields are constantly expanding, from government applications to people's livelihood applications, from finance, transportation, medical care, education to innovative manufacturing, etc., the whole industry Extend expansion. The following are four typical application scenarios of cloud computing.
1. Cloud storage technology
Cloud storage is an extension and application of cloud computing technology. It is a remote platform. Through storage virtualization, distributed file system, underlying objectization and other technologies, application software is used to gather mass storage devices in the network and work together. Together, they form a system that provides scalable storage resources to the outside world. For users, cloud storage is not a device, but a data service provided by massive servers and storage devices.
Through various network interfaces, users can access cloud storage services and use the functions of storage, backup, access, archiving, and retrieval, which greatly facilitates users to manage data resources. At the same time, users only need to pay for the amount of storage they use, and do not need to detect and maintain storage devices.
The cloud storage environment is highly available, fast, and scalable. Cloud storage can solve the problem of lack of local storage management, reduce the data loss rate, and provide efficient and convenient data storage and management services.
2. Development test cloud
The development and testing cloud can solve some problems in development. By building a heterogeneous development and testing environment, and using the powerful computing power of cloud computing to conduct application stress testing, it is suitable for enterprises and institutions that have many development and testing needs. Through a friendly web interface, the development and testing cloud can solve various problems in the development and testing process.
3. Large-scale data processing cloud
Large-scale data processing cloud makes full use of the data storage and processing capabilities of cloud computing to process massive data by running data processing software and services on cloud computing platforms. It can help companies quickly discover business opportunities through data analysis, so as to make quick and accurate decisions for the market.
4. Antivirus Cloud
Antivirus cloud is a cloud with powerful antivirus software. It analyzes whether a piece of data contains viruses through the huge virus signature database stored in the cloud and using the cloud's powerful data processing capabilities. If a suspected virus is found in the data, the suspected data will be uploaded to the cloud for detection and processing. Antivirus Cloud can accurately and quickly find viruses and protect the security of users' computers.
About the author: Wang Jianzong , Ph.D., senior artificial intelligence director and senior engineer of a large financial group technology company, member and senior member of the Big Data Expert Committee of China Computer Federation, postdoctoral researcher in artificial intelligence at the University of Florida, and former Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University in the United States Department researcher, senior cloud computing solution expert of Hewlett-Packard Company in the United States.
He Anxun, senior algorithm engineer of a large financial group technology company, member of China Computer Federation, member of China Computer Federation Youth Computer Technology Forum (YOCSEF Shenzhen). With rich experience in financial intelligence, he mainly studies the construction of financial intelligence system framework, algorithm research and model fusion technology, etc., and is committed to promoting the application and value creation of financial intelligence.
Li Zeyuan , senior artificial intelligence product manager of a large financial group technology company, member of the China Computer Federation, has long been committed to the productization of financial intelligence, and is responsible for the ecological construction and implementation of technical service products.
This article is excerpted from "Financial Intelligence: How AI Empowers Banking, Insurance, and Securities Industries", published with the authorization of the publisher.
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