Article directory
Introduction to Nacos
Service Discovery Product Comparison
Currently, there are many service discovery centers on the market: Nacos, Eureka, Consul, and Zookeeper.
| Compare items | Nacos | Eureka | Consul | Zookeeper |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conformance Protocol | Support AP and CP models | AP model | CP model | CP model |
| health examination | TCP/HTTP/MYSQL/Client Beat | Client Beat | TCP/HTTP/gRPC/Cmd | Keep Alive |
| load balancing strategy | 权重/metadata/Selector | Ribbon | Fabio | - |
| Avalanche protection | have | have | without | without |
| Automatically log out of the instance | support | support | not support | support |
| access agreement | HTTP/DNS | HTTP | HTTP/DNS | TCP |
| Monitoring support | support | support | support | support |
| Multiple data centers | support | support | support | not support |
| Sync across registries | support | not support | support | not support |
| SpringCloud integration | support | support | support | not support |
| Dubbo integration | support | not support | not support | support |
| k8s integration | support | not support | support | not support |
From the above comparison, we can see that Nacos, as a service discovery center, has more functional support items, and in the long run Nacos will support the combination of SpringCLoud + Kubernetes in future versions to fill the gap between the two. Under the two systems The same set of service discovery and configuration management solutions can be used, which will greatly simplify the cost of use and maintenance. In addition, Nacos plans to implement Service Mesh, which is also the trend of future microservice development.
Definition of Nacos
Nacos is an open source product of Alibaba. It is a comprehensive solution for service discovery, configuration management, and service governance in the microservice architecture.
The official introduction is as follows:
Nacos is dedicated to helping you discover, configure and manage microservices. Nacos provides a set of easy-to-use features to help you achieve dynamic service discovery, service configuration management, service and traffic management. Nacos helps you build, deliver and manage microservice platforms more agilely and easily.
Nacos is a service infrastructure for building a "service"-centric modern application architecture.
Official website address: https://nacos.io
Nacos Features
Nacos mainly provides the following four functions:
- Service Discovery and Service Health Check
Nacos makes it easier for services to register and discover other services through DNS or HTTP interfaces, and Nacos also provides real-time health checks of services to prevent sending requests to unhealthy hosts or service instances.
- Dynamic Configuration Management
Dynamic configuration services allow you to manage the configuration of all services in a centralized and dynamic manner across all environments. Nacos eliminates redeployment of applications when updating configuration, which makes configuration changes more efficient and flexible.
- Dynamic DNS Service
Nacos provides service discovery capabilities based on the DNS protocol, which aims to support service discovery in heterogeneous languages, and to expose endpoints of services registered on Nacos in the form of domain names, allowing third-party applications to easily consult and discover.
- Service and metadata management
Nacos allows you to manage all services and metadata in the data center from the perspective of microservice platform construction, including management service description, life cycle, service static dependency analysis, service health status, service traffic management, routing and security policies .
Here 1, 3, and 4 illustrate the functional characteristics of service discovery.
Install Nacos Server
Environmental preparation
Nacos relies on the Java environment to run. If you are building and running Nacos from code, you also need to configure a Maven environment for this, make sure to install and use it in the following version environment:
\1. 64 bit OS, support Linux/Unix/Mac/Windows, Linux/Unix/Mac is recommended.
\2. 64 bitJDK 1.8+; download & configure .
\3. Maven 3.2.x+; download & configure .
Download source code or installation package
Download source code from Github
git clone https://github.com/alibaba/nacos.git
cd nacos/
mvn ‐Prelease ‐nacos clean install ‐U
ls ‐al distribution/target/
// change the $version to your actual path
cd distribution/target/nacos ‐server ‐$version/nacos/bin
Download and compile the compressed package
You can download the package from the latest stable release , this tutorial uses the nacos-server-1.1.3 version.
Download address: https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases
Scroll to the bottom of the page:
Unzip after download:
unzip nacos ‐server ‐$version.zip
或者
tar ‐xvf nacos ‐server ‐$version.tar.gz
cd nacos/bin
start the server
The default port of nacos is 8848, and it is necessary to ensure that the default port of 8848 is not occupied by other processes.
Go to the bin directory of the installer:
Linux/Unix/Mac startup method:
Startup command (standalone means running in stand-alone mode, not in cluster mode):
sh startup.sh -m standalone
If you are using ubuntu system, or if you run the script and get an error message [[symbol not found, you can try to run as follows:
bash startup.sh -m standalone
Windows startup method:
Start command:
Note: The path must be in English, I tried Chinese and failed to start
cmd startup.cmd
Or double-click startup.cmd to run the file.
Successful operation interface:
The startup is successful, you can visit http://127.0.0.1:8848/nacos through the browser , and open the following nacos console login page:
Use the default username: nacos and the default password: nacos to log in to open the main page.
External mysql database support
In stand-alone mode, nacos uses an embedded database to store data by default. If you want to use external mysql to store nacos data, you need to perform the following steps:
1. Install the database, version requirements: 5.6.5+, mysql 8 below
2. Initialize the mysql database, create a new database nacos_config, database initialization file: ${nacoshome}/conf/nacos-mysql.sql(This file is in the decompressed file conf directory)
3. Modify the ${nacoshome}/conf/application.properties file to add support for mysql data source configuration (currently only mysql is supported), and add the url, username and password of the mysql data source.
spring.datasource.platform=mysql
db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true
db.user=root
db.password=yourpassword
