C#获取本机网络连接名，获取和设置IP地址，使用WMI接口
新建windowsForm应用程序GetAndSetIpAddressDemo，将默认的窗体Form1重命名为FormGetAndSetIP。添加对System.Management 类库的引用。
窗体设计FormGetAndSetIP如图：
主要源程序如下（忽略自动生成的事件等代码）：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Management;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
/*
* DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol),动态主机配置协议，是一个应用层协议。
* 当我们将客户主机ip地址设置为动态获取方式时，DHCP服务器就会根据DHCP协议给客户端分配IP，使得客户机能够利用这个IP上网。
*/
namespace GetAndSetIpAddressDemo
{
public partial class FormGetAndSetIP : Form
{
public FormGetAndSetIP()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void FormGetAndSetIP_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
cboLocalIP.Items.Clear();//清空本地连接IP列表
cboWirelessIP.Items.Clear();//清空无线网络连接IP列表
ManagementClass managementClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetWorkAdapterConfiguration");
ManagementObjectCollection managementObjectCollection = managementClass.GetInstances();
foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in managementObjectCollection)
{
if (Convert.ToBoolean(managementObject["IPEnabled"]))
{
if (managementObject["IPAddress"] != null)
{
DisplayInfo($"本地计算机所有网卡信息:【{managementObject["Description"]}】");
}
PropertyDataCollection propertyDataCollection = managementObject.Properties;
foreach (PropertyData propertyData in propertyDataCollection)
{
object val = propertyData.Value;
//如果是字符串数组
if (propertyData.IsArray)
{
if (val is string[])
val = string.Join(",", val as string[]);
else if (val is ushort[])
val = string.Join(",", val as ushort[]);
else if (val is uint[])
val = string.Join(",", val as uint[]);
}
//通用信息模型（CIM，Common Information Model）
//限定符信息：一般为CimType信息
List<string> listQualifier = new List<string>();
foreach (QualifierData qualifierData in propertyData.Qualifiers)
{
listQualifier.Add($"[{qualifierData.Name}:{qualifierData.Value}]");
}
DisplayInfo($"Name:【{propertyData.Name}】,Value:【{val}】,Type:【{propertyData.Type}】,IsArray:【{propertyData.IsArray}】,Qualifier:【{string.Join(",", listQualifier)}】");
}
}
}
DataTable dataTable = new DataTable("NetInterfaces");
dataTable.Columns.Add("编号", typeof(int));
dataTable.Columns.Add("网络适配器名称", typeof(string));
dataTable.Columns.Add("正在被使用", typeof(bool));
dataTable.Columns.Add("操作状态", typeof(string));
dataTable.Columns.Add("接口类型", typeof(string));
dataTable.Columns.Add("标识符", typeof(string));
dataTable.Columns.Add("媒体访问控制(MAC)", typeof(string));
dataTable.Columns.Add("接口速度(位每秒)", typeof(long));
dataTable.Columns.Add("接口说明", typeof(string));
dataTable.Columns.Add("支持IPv4协议", typeof(bool));
dataTable.Columns.Add("支持IPv6协议", typeof(bool));
dataTable.Columns.Add("IP地址集合", typeof(string));
int count = 0;
foreach (NetworkInterface netInterface in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
{
count++;
DisplayInfo($"第【{count}】个网络接口名：{netInterface.Name}");
//当前正在使用的网络接口。接口操作状态为up；
//本地连接：接口类型为Ethernet以太网。 回环测试(127.0.0.1)：接口类型为Loopback
//本机的测试环境是Wireless：无线连接
if (netInterface.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up)
{
DisplayInfo($"--该网络接口正在被使用...");
}
DisplayInfo($" 当前操作状态:{netInterface.OperationalStatus}");
DisplayInfo($" 网络接口类型:{netInterface.NetworkInterfaceType}");
DisplayInfo($" 网络适配器的标识符:{netInterface.Id}");
DisplayInfo($" 接口MAC:{netInterface.GetPhysicalAddress()}");//MAC:媒体访问控制，介质访问控制(Medium Access Control)
DisplayInfo($" 接口速度(位每秒，bitwise/s):{netInterface.Speed}");
DisplayInfo($" 接口描述信息:{netInterface.Description}");
DisplayInfo($" 是否支持IPv4协议:{netInterface.Supports(NetworkInterfaceComponent.IPv4)}");
DisplayInfo($" 是否支持IPv6协议:{netInterface.Supports(NetworkInterfaceComponent.IPv6)}");
DisplayInfo($" 接口配置的IP地址:");
List<string> listAddresses = new List<string>();
foreach (UnicastIPAddressInformation ipIntProp in netInterface.GetIPProperties().UnicastAddresses.ToArray<UnicastIPAddressInformation>())
{
listAddresses.Add($"IP:【{ipIntProp.Address}】,类型:【{ipIntProp.Address.AddressFamily}】");
DisplayInfo($" IP:【{ipIntProp.Address}】,类型:【{ipIntProp.Address.AddressFamily}】");
if (netInterface.NetworkInterfaceType == NetworkInterfaceType.Ethernet && ipIntProp.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
cboLocalIP.Items.Add(ipIntProp.Address.ToString());
}
else if (netInterface.NetworkInterfaceType == NetworkInterfaceType.Wireless80211 && ipIntProp.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
cboWirelessIP.Items.Add(ipIntProp.Address.ToString());
}
}
dataTable.Rows.Add(count, netInterface.Name, netInterface.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up, netInterface.OperationalStatus, netInterface.NetworkInterfaceType, netInterface.Id, netInterface.GetPhysicalAddress(),
netInterface.Speed, netInterface.Description, netInterface.Supports(NetworkInterfaceComponent.IPv4), netInterface.Supports(NetworkInterfaceComponent.IPv6), string.Join(";", listAddresses));
}
List<Tuple<string, string>> tuples = new List<Tuple<string, string>>()
{
Tuple.Create("编号", "编号"),
Tuple.Create("网络适配器名称", "网络适配器名称"),
Tuple.Create("正在被使用", "正在被使用"),
Tuple.Create("操作状态", "操作状态"),
Tuple.Create("接口类型", "接口类型"),
Tuple.Create("标识符", "标识符"),
Tuple.Create("媒体访问控制(MAC)", "媒体访问控制(MAC)"),
Tuple.Create("接口速度(位每秒)", "接口速度(位每秒)"),
Tuple.Create("接口说明", "接口说明"),
Tuple.Create("支持IPv4协议", "支持IPv4协议"),
Tuple.Create("支持IPv6协议", "支持IPv6协议"),
Tuple.Create("IP地址集合", "IP地址集合")
};
SetDataGridViewColumns(tuples);
dgvIpList.DataSource = dataTable;
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据网格绑定列配置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="tuples"></param>
private void SetDataGridViewColumns(List<Tuple<string, string>> tuples)
{
dgvIpList.AutoGenerateColumns = false;
for (int i = 0; i < tuples.Count; i++)
{
string columnName = tuples[i].Item1;
string columnDescription = tuples[i].Item2;
int minWidth = 50;
DataGridViewColumn dgvc = new DataGridViewColumn();
dgvc.CellTemplate = new DataGridViewTextBoxCell();
dgvc.Name = "dgvc_" + columnName;
dgvc.MinimumWidth = minWidth;
dgvc.DataPropertyName = columnName;
dgvc.HeaderText = (columnDescription == null || columnDescription.Trim().Length == 0) ? columnName : columnDescription;
dgvIpList.Columns.Add(dgvc);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 显示文本框的消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="message"></param>
private void DisplayInfo(string message)
{
this.BeginInvoke(new Action(() =>
{
if (rtxbResult.TextLength >= 204800)
{
rtxbResult.Clear();
}
rtxbResult.AppendText($"{DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")} --> {message}\n");
rtxbResult.ScrollToCaret();
}));
}
private void btnConfirm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ManagementClass managementClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetWorkAdapterConfiguration");
ManagementObjectCollection managementObjectCollection = managementClass.GetInstances();
foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in managementObjectCollection)
{
if (Convert.ToBoolean(managementObject["IPEnabled"]))
{
ManagementBaseObject newIP = managementObject.GetMethodParameters("EnableStatic");
ManagementBaseObject newGateway = managementObject.GetMethodParameters("SetGateways");
ManagementBaseObject newDNS = managementObject.GetMethodParameters("SetDNSServerSearchOrder");
//目标IP地址：
newIP["IPAddress"] = new string[] { txtIPAddress.Text.Trim() };
//子网掩码：
newIP["SubnetMask"] = new string[] { txtSubnetMask.Text.Trim() };
//默认网关：
newGateway["DefaultIPGateway"] = new string[] { txtDefaultGateway.Text.Trim() };
newGateway["GatewayCostMetric"] = new int[] { 1 };
// 将要修改的目标 首选DNS服务器
// 将要修改的目标 备用DNS服务器
newDNS["DNSServerSearchOrder"] = new string[] { txtFirstDNS.Text.Trim(), txtSpareDNS.Text.Trim() };
// 修改网络设置
try
{
if (rdoAutoSetIP.Checked)
{
managementObject.InvokeMethod("EnableStatic", null);
//重置DNS为空
managementObject.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", null);
//开启DHCP
managementObject.InvokeMethod("EnableDHCP", null);
MessageBox.Show("自动获取IP成功！");
}
else
{
ManagementBaseObject setIP = managementObject.InvokeMethod("EnableStatic", newIP, null);
ManagementBaseObject setGateways = managementObject.InvokeMethod("SetGateways", newGateway, null);
ManagementBaseObject setDNS = managementObject.InvokeMethod("SetDNSServerSearchOrder", newDNS, null);
MessageBox.Show("手动设置IP成功");
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "设置IP时出现异常");
}
break;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 重新读取按钮
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btnReload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ManagementClass managementClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetWorkAdapterConfiguration");
ManagementObjectCollection managementObjectCollection = managementClass.GetInstances();
foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in managementObjectCollection)
{
if (Convert.ToBoolean(managementObject["IPEnabled"]))
{
DisplayInfo($" Caption:{managementObject["Caption"]}\n ServiceName:{managementObject["ServiceName"]}\n MACAddress:{managementObject["MACAddress"]}");
rdoAutoSetIP.Checked = Convert.ToBoolean(managementObject["DHCPEnabled"]);
rdoManualSetIP.Checked = !Convert.ToBoolean(managementObject["DHCPEnabled"]);
string[] ipaddresses = (string[])managementObject["IPAddress"];
string[] subnets = (string[])managementObject["IPSubnet"];
string[] gateways = (string[])managementObject["DefaultIPGateway"];
string[] dnsSetting = (string[])managementObject["DNSServerSearchOrder"];
txtIPAddress.Text = ipaddresses[0];
txtSubnetMask.Text = subnets[0];
txtSubnetMask.Text = gateways[0];
if (dnsSetting.Length > 0)
{
txtFirstDNS.Text = dnsSetting[0];
}
if (dnsSetting.Length > 1)
{
txtSpareDNS.Text = dnsSetting[1];
}
rdoAutoSetIP_CheckedChanged(null, e);
break;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 自动获取IP和手动设置IP的单选按钮事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void rdoAutoSetIP_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (rdoAutoSetIP.Checked)
{
txtIPAddress.Clear();
txtSubnetMask.Clear();
txtDefaultGateway.Clear();
pnlManualSetIP.Enabled = false;
}
else
{
pnlManualSetIP.Enabled = true;
}
}
}
}
程序运行如图：
