电脑硬盘问题。一般第三方硬盘容易出这类问题。
固态硬盘接触不良，下固态硬盘，重新固定安装就好了。我的电脑一周出现两次这样的问题。出现这样的问题，可以换一个固态硬盘转接头，避免电脑来回移动震动电脑。
我的电脑是Macbook Air硬盘是第三方硬盘，至从升级到最新的macOS Big Sur版本11.4后经常出现电脑自动重启问题。今天重启了几十遍，给它吹风扇。把电脑启动时的自动加载项去掉好的多，当运行大程序电脑卡时同样存在电脑重启。甚至电脑自己进入睡眠模式还会重启。
从苹果支持网站给出的问题及部分作者给出的临时解决方案，知道是硬盘问题。
我通过卸掉电脑硬盘，擦拭金手指，然后安装上硬盘。卸载掉电风扇除灰尘后安装上就好了。
若是电脑硬盘兼容问题的解决方案有两个：
解决方案一，执行以下命令，看看效果：
jgs:~ mac$ sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 25
Password:
jgs:~ mac$ sudo pmset standbydelayhigh 300
方案二，若方案一不行就执行以下命令，该方案存在放置超过设定时间后可能有文件丢失的风险：
sudo pmset standby 0
以下是方案一的解释。
2020.1.29更新：建议经费充足的朋友直接买Intel 760p、Intel 7600P、Intel 660p、西数SN720这四款固态硬盘。实测这四种固态硬盘均无需调整pmset参数，直接能在hibernatemode=3模式下完美休眠。其中7600p功耗比原装更低，发热量更小。
2020.2.2更新：暂时不要升级Catalina，休眠有问题！
型号：A1466, Macbook Air early 2015, 4G 内存
OS: Mojave 10.14.5
升级ssd型号：建兴LITEON CA3-8D512
众所周知，自己动手升级非官方的SSD最害怕遇到休眠睡死问题。大家经常用pmset命令来将hibernatemode改为25。然而实际上这是个治标不治本的方法。hibernatemode受standbydelayhigh和standbydelaylow两个参数限制。其原理应该是在hibernatemode 3情形下，其休眠受standbydelayhigh和standbydelaylow的两个数值之间的某个时间点，机器自动将内存里的数据写入到硬盘。而第三方的硬盘往往无法在此过程中被识别出来，导致了长时间休眠后睡死唤不醒。
测试到底第三方ssd能否完美兼容的方法很简单：
1、查询现有电源模式
pmset -g custom
应该可以看到默认情况下，standbydelayhigh = 86400 （24小时）， standbydelaylow=10800(3小时）
2、修改hibernatemode为25
sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 25
这个步骤做完了应该看起来休眠问题解决了，其实不然。
3、调整standbydelayhigh和standbydelaylow两个参数
sudo pmset standbydelayhigh 300
300单位是秒，可以调成任何一个时间。注意两个参数一大一小。
4、合盖休眠到300秒后打开看下是不是睡死的问题又来了？
那么，反其道而行之，对于不支持hibernatemode 3的第三方SSD，我们可以在设置hibernatemode为25的同时将这两个参数设置成较大的数值，然后避免在日常使用中电脑进入休眠状态。这样能一定程度上解决睡死问题。代价是唤醒比较慢，同时放置超过设定时间后可能有文件丢失的风险。
附录：关于pmset参数，可以用man pmset查看：
hibernatemode = 0 (binary 0000) by default on supported desktops. The
system will not back memory up to persistent storage. The system must
wake from the contents of memory; the system will lose context on power
loss. This is, historically, plain old sleep.
hibernatemode = 3 (binary 0011) by default on supported portables. The
system will store a copy of memory to persistent storage (the disk), and
will power memory during sleep. The system will wake from memory, unless
a power loss forces it to restore from disk image.
hibernatemode = 25 (binary 0001 1001) is only settable via pmset. The
system will store a copy of memory to persistent storage (the disk), and
will remove power to memory. The system will restore from disk image. If
you want "hibernation" - slower sleeps, slower wakes, and better battery
life, you should use this setting.
具体执行如下：
jgs:~ mac$ pmset -g custom
Battery Power:
lidwake 1
autopoweroff 1
standbydelayhigh 86400
autopoweroffdelay 259200
standbydelaylow 10800
standby 1
hibernatemode 3
powernap 0
gpuswitch 2
ttyskeepawake 1
hibernatefile /var/vm/sleepimage
highstandbythreshold 50
displaysleep 2
sleep 1
lessbright 1
halfdim 1
acwake 0
disksleep 10
AC Power:
lidwake 1
autopoweroff 1
standbydelayhigh 86400
autopoweroffdelay 259200
standbydelaylow 10800
standby 1
hibernatemode 3
powernap 1
gpuswitch 2
ttyskeepawake 1
hibernatefile /var/vm/sleepimage
highstandbythreshold 50
womp 1
displaysleep 10
networkoversleep 0
sleep 1
acwake 0
halfdim 1
disksleep 10
jgs:~ mac$ sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 25
Password:
jgs:~ mac$ sudo pmset standbydelayhigh =300
Usage: pmset <options>
See pmset(1) for details: 'man pmset'
jgs:~ mac$
jgs:~ mac$ sudo pmset standbydelayhigh 300
panic(cpu 0 caller 0xffffff801e4ce860): nvme: "Fatal error occurred. CSTS=0xffffffff US[1]=0x0 US[0]=0xd8 VID=0x1179 DID=0x11a
. FW Revision=10604103\n"@/System/Volumes/Data/SWE/macOS/BuildRoots/e90674e518/Library/Caches/com.apple.xbs/Sources/IONVMeFamily/IONVMeFamily-557.120.1/Common/IONVMeController.cpp:5499
Backtrace (CPU 0), Frame : Return Address
0xffffffb0a8403960 : 0xffffff801bc8e0dd
0xffffffb0a84039b0 : 0xffffff801bdd4f33
0xffffffb0a84039f0 : 0xffffff801bdc552a
0xffffffb0a8403a40 : 0xffffff801bc32a2f
0xffffffb0a8403a60 : 0xffffff801bc8d8fd
0xffffffb0a8403b80 : 0xffffff801bc8dbf3
0xffffffb0a8403bf0 : 0xffffff801c49d81a
0xffffffb0a8403c60 : 0xffffff801e4ce860
0xffffffb0a8403c80 : 0xffffff801e4b345b
0xffffffb0a8403de0 : 0xffffff801c3f4465
0xffffffb0a8403e50 : 0xffffff801c3f4366
0xffffffb0a8403e80 : 0xffffff801bcd46c5
0xffffffb0a8403ef0 : 0xffffff801bcd5634
0xffffffb0a8403fa0 : 0xffffff801bc3213e
Kernel Extensions in backtrace:
com.apple.iokit.IONVMeFamily(2.1)[38BC0D0C-B305-30F6-8A8D-6804830F891A]@0xffffff801e4ac000->0xffffff801e4d5fff
dependency: com.apple.driver.AppleEFINVRAM(2.1)[423BF733-A622-3BC9-8F0F-920A2927CD35]@0xffffff801d0fe000->0xffffff801d107fff
dependency: com.apple.driver.AppleMobileFileIntegrity(1.0.5)[366C7BD4-9502-3D1C-ABBE-DE9749913D0C]@0xffffff801d2c0000->0xffffff801d2d5fff
dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily(2.9)[99A70889-A31C-3B25-8E88-ADD3F317E4E4]@0xffffff801e76a000->0xffffff801e792fff
dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOReportFamily(47)[367CCAE7-DAB4-3424-B191-44044619D5CB]@0xffffff801e7a1000->0xffffff801e7a3fff
dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOStorageFamily(2.1)[A0D72FE9-649B-316A-8B5C-934E295FF0B5]@0xffffff801e86d000->0xffffff801e87efff
Process name corresponding to current thread: kernel_task
Mac OS version:
20F71
Kernel version:
Darwin Kernel Version 20.5.0: Sat May 8 05:10:33 PDT 2021; root:xnu-7195.121.3~9/RELEASE_X86_64
Kernel UUID: 52A1E876-863E-38E3-AC80-09BBAB13B752
KernelCache slide: 0x000000001ba00000
KernelCache base: 0xffffff801bc00000
Kernel slide: 0x000000001ba10000
Kernel text base: 0xffffff801bc10000
__HIB text base: 0xffffff801bb00000
System model name: MacBookAir7,2 (Mac-937CB26E2E02BB01)
System shutdown begun: NO
Panic diags file available: YES (0x0)
Hibernation exit count: 0
System uptime in nanoseconds: 1300298973133
Last Sleep: absolute base_tsc base_nano
Uptime : 0x0000012ebfdbca93
Sleep : 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
Wake : 0x0000000000000000 0x00000005db81d622 0x0000000000000000
last started kext at 146758265328: @filesystems.smbfs 3.6 (addr 0xffffff7fb753a000, size 487424)
loaded kexts:
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