Savant-Syndrome (Savant-Syndrome) refers to people who have cognitive impairment, but in a certain aspect, such as a certain kind of art or academic, but have extraordinary abilities. 10% of patients with autism have academic syndrome (hence the name autistic savant), and the probability of brain damage patients is about 1/2000. (50% of patients with autism, 50% of patients with brain damage). Most of their IQs are below 70, but they are far better than ordinary people in some special tests, so they are commonly called Idiot Savant (Idiot Savant). Their talents come in many different forms, such as playing musical instruments, drawing, memorizing, calculating and calendar calculation abilities. The "Rain Man" in the American movie "Rain Man" is a typical scholar's syndrome, and his ability to calculate numbers and memory is amazing.
Chinese scholar’s syndrome, foreign name Savant-Syndrome, representative 1 Kim Peak, who can recite thousands of books related to film and television works "Rain Man" and "ATARU"
Pathological analysis
Acquired scholar syndrome refers to the special talents of patients with scholar syndrome that children or adults develop suddenly after the left brain is damaged. Scholar syndrome refers to a person who has severe intellectual disability, autism, or other mental illnesses, but has a certain ability that is completely opposite to his disorder, incoordinating and surprising. Patients with Acquired Scholar's Syndrome generally have suffered head trauma, and then have extraordinary mathematics, music, or artistic talents. [1]
According to experts, there are about 30 patients with Acquired Scholar Syndrome in the world. The medical profession is still studying the causes of this disease, but many experts believe that when the left brain is damaged, the right brain is responsible for making up for the lost functions of the left brain, thereby stimulating the potential of the brain. [1]
The prototype of the Hollywood movie "Rain Man" and the "genius" Kim Pick, who suffers from autism, is a scholar with syndrome. Pique is known as a "super genius" and has extraordinary talents in 15 different fields including history, literature, geography, numbers, sports, and music. At the same time, he appears to be a bit "mentally handicapped" in other areas, such as finding no drawers in his home, and not wearing clothes.
Main case
A lady named Ellenis the first scholar's syndrome observed to have an accurate internal clock so far.
Memory
Kim Pick, who can recite thousands of books, is the prototype of the movie "Rain Man".
Music
Leslie Lemke, as long as the music once heard, can be modeled on the playing
Tony DeBlois, blindness, can remember about 8000 music
Derek Paravicini, blindness, 9-year-old held his first concert
Huzhou Zhou, China Hubei, symphony conductor
arithmetic
Thomas Fuller (1710-1790), Afro-American slave, able to mentally calculate multi-digit multiplications
Zhou Wei (Jiangsu Satellite TV program "Most Powerful Brain" player) (second-level intellectual disability), super mental arithmetic ability, unique calculation method
art
Alonzo Clemons, able to shape accurate The detailed wax figure of
Richard Wawro can create a wax figure faithful to the prototype of
Stephen Wiltshire with just one glance . With just one observation, the target
language
Christopher Taylor can be drawn very accurately. He can speak , read, write and read 17 languages.
Character experience
A lady named Ellen is the first scholar's syndrome observed to have an accurate internal clock so far.
Kim Peak (November 11, 1951-December 19, 2009) was an autistic scholar. Due to brain abnormalities, he had vivid memories and developmental obstacles that he never forgot. He is the prototype of Raymond Babbitt (played by Destin Hoffman) in the movie "Rain man."
When Kim Pick was born, his cerebellum was damaged due to macrocephaly. What is more serious is that his corpus callosum is hypoplastic, the nerve bundles linking the two cerebral hemispheres are completely lacking, and the secondary link located in the anterior commissure is also lacking. Some people suspect that his nerves used other connection methods to supplement the lack of the corpus callosum and strengthen his memory.
Peak's father said that King could remember him from 16 to 20 months after his birth. He could recite all the books he had read, and then he put the book upside down on the shelf to indicate that he had read it. He has preserved this habit to this day. He only needs about 10 seconds per page when he is reading, and he can write down what he reads, ranging from history, literature, geography, numbers to sports, music, and chronology. There are about 12,000 books stored in his memory. He also has a very high mental arithmetic ability. Since 1969 he has been managing salary in a disabled factory, and his mental arithmetic skills are very useful for this.
Peak couldn't walk until he was four years old, and he has walked sideways so far. He doesn't know how to fasten buttons and has difficulty with other sports skills. These difficulties may come from his cerebellar injury, which normally coordinates the movement of the cerebellum. In the psychology test, Peak's IQ is lower than the average, but in some special tests, his test value is much higher than the average person. These data make many people realize that these tests cannot truly reflect Peak's capabilities. He himself is not autistic.
Unlike many autistic scholars, Peak's social skills have been continuously enhanced, which may be related to the attention he has received as a "True Rain Man". In addition, his memory is not just memorizing a lot of information by rote, he can combine the information he remembers, which is at least a sign of creativity (but he still has difficulty in abstract skills such as understanding proverbs or metaphors). Although Peak is not a musical genius, his musical ability is also very compelling. He can remember the tunes he heard decades ago and can play on the piano (within the limits of his technique). He can comment on what he plays while playing the piano, such as comparing it with other tunes he has heard. He can recognize different instruments when listening to music, and can guess who the composer is by comparing it with thousands of other tunes he remembers.
The screenwriter Barry Moreau met Peak in 1984, and the result of this meeting was the 1988 movie "Rain Man." The protagonist in the movie, Raymond Babbitt, was inspired by Peak, but he is an autistic. Destin Hoffman, who plays Babbitt, meets Peak and other autistic scholars to understand the role more accurately. After the film became famous, Peak received many invitations, which strengthened his self-confidence. Moreau also gave his Oscar Award to Peak, and asked him to show it to others while performing. Peak likes to meet strangers, and likes to show his numeracy to strangers, such as acting to tell others what day of the week he was born. He has also been on TV. His father always accompanies him when he travels, takes care of him and helps him with many things that are difficult for him to accomplish.
In 2004, NASA scientists first used MRI and X-ray tomography to conduct a series of studies on Peak’s brain. The purpose was to establish a three-dimensional image of his brain structure and compare the MRI done in 1988. Imaging. This is the first attempt to use non-invasive technology to discover why Peak's "unusual brain" can accomplish what he can do.