Switch working principle and configuration
1. The working principle of the switch
What is a switch?
Switching (switching) is a technical general term for sending the information to be transmitted to the corresponding route that meets the requirements by manually or automatically completing the method according to the needs of transmitting information at both ends of the communication. In a broad sense, a switch is a device that completes the function of information exchange in a communication system.
The working principle of the switch?
1. MAC address learning
2. Broadcast unknown data frame
3. Recipient response information
4. The switch realizes unicast communication
The entries learned by the switch are not stored in the MAC address table forever. The default aging time is 300s. (Aging time: Since the MAC address entry of the switch is dynamic, it will not always exist in the MAC address table, but will automatically disappear after 300s. However, if during this period, the switch receives the corresponding MAC address of the entry For data frames, the aging time will restart and reset to 300s.)
Second, the basic configuration of the switch
1. Simplex, half-duplex, full-duplex
Simplex data transmission only supports data transmission in one direction; only one party can receive or send information at the same time, and two-way communication cannot be realized, for example: TV, radio.
Half-duplex data transmission allows data to be transmitted in two directions. However, at a certain moment, data is only allowed to be transmitted in one direction. It is actually a simplex communication that switches directions; only one party can be at the same time To receive or send information, two-way communication can be realized. Example: walkie-talkie.
Full-duplex data communication allows data to be transmitted in both directions at the same time. Therefore, full-duplex communication is a combination of two simplex communication methods. It requires that the sending device and the receiving device have independent receiving and sending capabilities; at the same time Can receive and send information at the same time to achieve two-way communication, for example: telephone communication.
2. Basic configuration
Switch user view mode to system view mode [Huawei]
system-view
1. History command query
[Huawei] display history-command
2. Configure the host name
system-view
[Huawei] sysname Router1
3. Status information query
display version ####View VRP version
display users ####View user terminal information
4. Enter the interface mode and view the information
sys
[Huawei]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis this ####View the configuration information in the current view
5. Configuration file management command
[Huawei]display saved-configuration ###View the information saved by the device
[Huawei]display current-configuration ###View the information on the current configuration of the device
reset saved-configuration ###Erasing the information in the storage device Configuration file
compare configuration ###Compare whether the current configuration information is consistent with the saved file in the storage device
6. Close Huawei's information prompt center
[Huawei] undo info-center enable
or
undo terminal monitor
7, Eternal non-superior time
[Huawei] user-interface console 0
[Huawei-ui-console0] idle-timeout 0 0
8. Configure the duplex and speed command
sys
[Huawei]int g0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]undo negotiation auto ###Close auto negotiation
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]speed 100 ### Adjust to speed 100M
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]duplex full ###Adjust to full duplex mode, explanation: full: Full-Duplex (full-duplex mode) half: Half-Duplex (half-duplex mode)
9. Save the configuration
save
10. Set the remote login password
[Huawei]user-interface vty 0 4 #0 is the initial value, 4 is the end value. Means that you can open 5 sessions at the same time to enter the switch to configure the command
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]set authentication password simple 222
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]dis this