Computer system and working principle

1.1.1 Composition of computer system
Von Neumann computer components: input device, arithmetic unit, controller, memory, output device;
there are two kinds of information flowing in the computer in the working process: data flow and control flow;

1. Input device;
used to receive the program and data information input by the user, convert them into binary form data that the computer can process and store in the memory;
2. Memory;
usually divided into internal memory and external memory, internal memory is referred to as memory or main memory , Used to store the executed program and its data.
Storage capacity refers to the maximum sum of binary data that can be stored in the memory. The basic unit is byte, and each byte contains 8 binary bits (bit).
3. Arithmetic unit; also known as arithmetic logic unit ALU (arithmetic logic unit), mainly for arithmetic and logical operations. The arithmetic unit consists of an adder, several registers and some control circuits. Inside the arithmetic unit, the adder receives the data from the register, (the data in the register comes from the memory) the adder calculates it and transmits the result back to the register, (the register is used to store the data involved in the operation, intermediate results and Final result) The result of the final operation is sent back to the memory. (The read and write operations of the arithmetic unit to the memory are carried out under the control of the controller)
Note: the difference between registers, memory and cache.
4. Controller ࿱