Conventional gossip:
Among the many EPC projects I have experienced, I really want to open up SAP's quotation function. It is a pity that due to the extensive and confidential nature of the engineering industry, limited by the cognition of corporate managers, many corporate leaders do not have a strong will. Nowadays, the historical wheel of informatization is impossible to reverse, and it is forcing many engineering enterprise leaders to implement informatization in an all-round way. Consultants in this industry can't naturally wait for users to ask for their needs and then passively think about how to achieve them. Instead, they dare to take the initiative to attack others at the intersection of trends.
1. Business background
The "counterfeiters" who often mix in the circle of construction migrant workers must be familiar with the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development [2003] No. 206. After all, they are the ones who eat and must be memorized.
The structure of the basic quotation is as follows:
Among them, the direct fee is simply understood. From a financial point of view, it is the cost of engineering and construction. After 2019, the Ministry of Finance's revenue standards have changed to the cost of performance contract. In fact, it is a change of soup and not medicine.
Indirect costs, profits, and taxes are related to indirect costs, which involves a fee rate.
Briefly list:
1. Enterprise management fee
The rates are different according to different types of projects, and the rates are different in different provinces. For details, please refer to the charging standards of various relevant rates in the project cost of each province ("Provincial Construction Project Cost Valuation Rules") There are specific instructions.
Management fee = direct fee X rate
The following figure is an example of
fee rates: 2. Fees
Fees refer to the fees that must be paid by the government and relevant departments (referred to as fees). Including:
(1). Engineering quota measurement fee. (Engineering fixed measurement fee = taking fee base x taking fee rate)
(2). Engineering pollution discharge fee. (Calculated according to the relevant regulations of the project location)
(3). Social security and housing provident fund (basic endowment insurance, unemployment insurance premium, basic medical insurance premium, housing provident fund). ). Social Security and Housing Provident Fund = Fee Base x Fee Rate
(4) Hazardous Work Accidental Injury Insurance. (Construction companies participating in accident insurance for construction workers shall not charge this fee)
Regular fee = direct fee X rate
3. Profit
3. Taxes. Refers to the three taxable taxes that should be included in the construction and installation project costs, the urban and rural maintenance and construction tax, and the education surcharge as stipulated by the national tax law.
Tax calculation basis: tax = pre-tax cost x calculation coefficient (pre-tax cost = direct project cost + measure fee + other project fees + management fee + profit + regulatory fee; the calculation coefficient is selected according to the location of the project.)
Tax rate and local government regulations Regarding, the tax rate of each city is different. Generally between 3.4~3.6
Taxes = (direct costs + indirect costs + profit) * tax rate.
2. Scene design
1. Composition of quotation documents.
Take the curtain wall project as an example. According to Circular 206, the quotation business standard is composed as follows:
quotation summary sheet, quotation schedule, sporadic cost quotation, material list
2, core document-quotation summary table structure.
Those who have done EPC engineering industry will not be unfamiliar with this. It is usually designed as WBS
3, core document-quotation schedule structure according to quotation items .
The unit price in the above table is derived from the quotation schedule. This table is also the core problem that SAP needs to solve.
4. Business requirements
4.1. Save the quotation file in SAP
4.2. Automatically calculate the indirect cost.
4.3 As a historical quotation library for new project reference, realize quick quotation.
5. Involve SAP function points
5.1 PS WBS structure
5.2 Cost planning
5.3 Indirect Cost allocation
5.4 DIP quotation
3. Allocation process
1. Allocation of financial master data:
1.1 Secondary cost elements of indirect costs.
1.2 Classification of subject collections.
It is one of the necessary configurations to determine the final quotation output line item.
Direct expenses are usually divided into three categories: materials, labor, and expenses
. 2. Virtual material master data.
It is one of the necessary configurations to determine the final quotation output line item
3.
Allocation of indirect costs 3.1 Cost accounting table. The core allocation point for calculating indirect costs is mainly the allocation of calculation formulas and rates.
The calculation formula part is an extension of the classic SAP pricing condition function.
The enterprise management rate setting is a fixed value.
4. DIP quotation configuration
About this configuration, please refer to Tuanzi's article "Follow Tuanzi Learning Project Quotation" for details. This article simply post the configuration
The following are the key configuration points, which are directly related to the output column items of the quotation document. The sum of the amount of each item and the mapping relationship between the account set.
4. DEMO test
1. Create project
2. Maintain WBS unit cost plan. Note that the unit cost plan, this feature point, is also very unpopular.
Maintain 2 lines of direct expenses, the following 3 lines of indirect expenses are automatically taken out and automatically calculated-it feels like a bright spot! Yes, this is the effect.
3. Generate quotation, transaction code DP82
is of course very powerful in indirect cost and DIP quotation, but for the determination of the rate, it is determined by the standard configuration, which is not flexible enough. Rates will change with changes in national and local policies, and idlers believe that they still need to be enhanced to improve flexibility.
5. Summarize
the testing process of the above functions. We can see that the process of quoting large-scale engineering projects is a very complicated process. There are many quotation items, the calculation process is complicated, and it is responsible for the country-related quotation specifications. But if you think about it carefully, China introduced the international project bidding norms system in the 1980s, and the national standards issued from it are actually consistent with the international standards. Therefore, it is natural for idlers to think that since it conforms to international practices, it must be implemented in SAP. It is only limited by the limited promotion of SAP in the domestic engineering industry, coupled with the short implementation period of many projects, insufficient consultant experience, etc., it is difficult to think deeply about whether the standard functions of SAP can well support the business of the enterprise. It is slightly complicated. A little business, without thinking, secondary development. This is also the reason that many domestic companies do not have a deep understanding of the SAP PS module, and even think that the PS is just such a function, but it is so. In this regard, the idlers have to say a word to them: the pattern is broken, sometimes naive!