Several ways to modify the column names of dataframe in python

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In actual development, there is often a need to modify the column name of the dataframe, and the following methods are specifically summarized.

import pandas as pd


def t1():
    df = pd.DataFrame({'c1':[1, 2, 3], 'c2': [4, 5, 6]})
    print(df)

    df.columns = ['d1', 'd2']
    print(df)

    df.rename(columns={'d1': 'e1', 'd2': 'e2'}, inplace=True)
    print(df)

    df = df.rename(columns={'e1': 'f1', 'e2': 'f2'})
    print(df)


t1()

The output of the above code:

   c1  c2
0   1   4
1   2   5
2   3   6
   d1  d2
0   1   4
1   2   5
2   3   6
   e1  e2
0   1   4
1   2   5
2   3   6
   f1  f2
0   1   4
1   2   5
2   3   6

As can be seen from the above code, there are two ways to modify the column names:
1. Rename directly using df.columns, but this method needs to list all column names.
2. Use the rename method. Note that if you need to modify it in place, you need to bring the parameter inplace=True, otherwise the original dataframe column name will not change.