table of Contents
Code
/*************************************************************************
> File Name: treeSample.cpp
> Author:Ryan
> Mail:
> Created Time: Sun Oct 11 10:35:22 2020
************************************************************************/
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
/*
*node of the tree
*/
struct BTreeNode{
int val;
BTreeNode *LChild;
BTreeNode *RChild;
BTreeNode(int val):val(val),LChild(NULL),RChild(NULL){
}
};
/*
*BTree
*/
class BTree{
private:
BTreeNode *root;
int n;
public:
BTree():root(NULL){
}
BTree(vector<int>);//bulid tree
void createTree(vector<int>,BTreeNode *&);//build the tree in preorder by recursion
void show();//show the tree by recursion
void showTree(BTreeNode*);//show the tree in preorder by recursion
void showTree1(BTreeNode*);//show the tree in midorder by recursion
void showTree2(BTreeNode*);//show the tree in postorder by recursion
void show1();//show the tree not by recursion
void showTree3(BTreeNode*);//show the tree in preorder not by recursion
void showTree4(BTreeNode*);//show the tree in midorder not by recursion
void showTree5(BTreeNode*);//show the tree in postorder not by recursion
void show2();
void show_lT(BTreeNode*); //show the tree's level_traversal
};
/*
*build the tree in preorder
*/
BTree::BTree(vector<int> num){
n=0;
createTree(num,root);
}
void BTree::createTree(vector<int> num,BTreeNode *&node){
if(num.size()>=n+1&&num[n]!=-1){
node = new BTreeNode(num[n++]);
createTree(num,node->LChild);
createTree(num,node->RChild);
}
else{
n++;
}
}
/*
*show the tree by recursion
*/
void BTree::show(){
/*show in preorder*/
cout<<"Here shows in preorder by recursion"<<endl;
showTree(root);
cout<<endl;
/*show in midorder*/
cout<<"Here shows in midorder by recursion"<<endl;
showTree1(root);
cout<<endl;
/*show in postorder*/
cout<<"Here shows in postorder by recursion"<<endl;
showTree2(root);
cout<<endl;
}
/*
*show in preorder by recursion
*/
void BTree::showTree(BTreeNode *node){
if(node!=NULL){
cout<<node->val;
showTree(node->LChild);
showTree(node->RChild);
}
}
/*
*show in midorder by recursion
*/
void BTree::showTree1(BTreeNode *node){
if(node!=NULL){
showTree1(node->LChild);
cout<<node->val;
showTree1(node->RChild);
}
}
/*
*show in postorder by recursion
*/
void BTree::showTree2(BTreeNode *node){
if(node!=NULL){
showTree2(node->LChild);
showTree2(node->RChild);
cout<<node->val;
}
}
/*
*show the tree not by recursion
*/
void BTree::show1(){
/*show in preorder*/
cout<<"Here shows in preorder"<<endl;
showTree3(root);
cout<<endl;
/*show in midorder*/
cout<<"Here shows in midorder"<<endl;
showTree4(root);
cout<<endl;
/*show in postorder*/
cout<<"Here shows in postorder"<<endl;
showTree5(root);
cout<<endl;
}
/*
*show in preorder
*/
void BTree::showTree3(BTreeNode *node){
stack<BTreeNode*> s;
if(node!=NULL) s.push(node);
while(!s.empty()){
BTreeNode *tmp = s.top();s.pop();
cout<<tmp->val;
if(tmp->RChild!=NULL) s.push(tmp->RChild);
if(tmp->LChild!=NULL) s.push(tmp->LChild);
}
}
/*
*show in midorder
*/
void BTree::showTree4(BTreeNode *node){
BTreeNode *p = node;
stack<BTreeNode*> s;
while(1){
if(p->LChild!=NULL){
s.push(p);
p = p->LChild;
}
else if(!p->LChild){
cout<<p->val;
if(p->RChild!=NULL) {
p=p->RChild;continue;}
while(!s.empty()&&!p->RChild){
p = s.top();s.pop();
cout<<p->val;
}
if(p->RChild!=NULL) p=p->RChild;
else if(p->RChild==NULL) break;
}
}
}
/*
*show in postorder
*/
void BTree::showTree5(BTreeNode *node){
cout<<"不想敲，可以参考网址：https://www.cnblogs.com/SHERO-Vae/p/5800363.html"<<endl;
}
/*
*show the tree's level_traversal
*/
void BTree::show2(){
cout<<"Here's level_traversal"<<endl;
show_lT(root);
cout<<endl;
}
void BTree::show_lT(BTreeNode *node){
queue<BTreeNode*> q;
if(node!=NULL) q.push(node);
BTreeNode *tmp;
while(!q.empty()){
tmp = q.front();q.pop();
cout<<tmp->val;
if(tmp->LChild!=NULL) q.push(tmp->LChild);
if(tmp->RChild!=NULL) q.push(tmp->RChild);
}
}
int main(){
vector<int> tmp {
1,2,-1,-1,3,4,-1,-1,5,6,-1,-1,7,-1,-1};
BTree *btree = new BTree(tmp);
btree->show();
btree->show1();
btree->show2();
}
Ideas
The idea of recursion is easy to understand, but there are several important associations:
// 快速排序和先序遍历一个样，先找中间再找两边
//快排框架：
void sort(int[] nums, int lo, int hi) {
/****** 前序遍历位置 ******/
// 通过交换元素构建分界点 p
int p = partition(nums, lo, hi);
/************************/
sort(nums, lo, p - 1);
sort(nums, p + 1, hi);
}
//2. 归并排序和后序遍历一个样，先找两边再找中间
//归并框架：
void sort(int[] nums, int lo, int hi) {
int mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
sort(nums, lo, mid);
sort(nums, mid + 1, hi);
/****** 后序遍历位置 ******/
// 合并两个排好序的子数组
merge(nums, lo, mid, hi);
/************************/
}
Here are some ideas for non-recursion:
Preorder traversal
Pre-order traversal loop processing:
1. Get the top node of the stack as the current node
2. Visit and the right and left nodes are pushed into the stack (if any)
In-order traversal
Middle-order traversal loop processing:
1. If there is a left node, push the stack, the current node is the left node, example 1, 3, 5
2.
If there is no left node, visit, if there is a right node, make the current node Right node
If there is no right node, the stack will not loop back until the node with the right node is the current node, which is 1, 3, 5.
3. After the above execution, if there is no right node, then exit Loop, example 7
'''
That is to say, the left node is all accessed from the stack, and the stack is empty and the current node has no right node, then the traversal is completed
'''
Post-order traversal
Post-order traversal loop processing, it seems to add record variables, too lazy to knock (dish)
Refer to the blog: Binary tree first-order, middle-order, post-order non-recursive implementation
Level traversal
Level traversal:
This is relatively simple, using the first-in, first-out feature of the queue structure.
The tree built is as follows: the
results of the operation are as follows:
