Gangliosides are continuously synthesized and degraded in cells. Under the catalysis of a group of highly specific lysosomal enzymes, the sugar units in the oligosaccharide groups are sequentially removed to degrade them into ceramides. Mutations in the genes encoding these enzymes cause the accumulation of partially broken down gangliosides in the lysosome, leading to a group called gangliosidosis. For example, the fatal Tay-Sachs disease is caused by a genetic defect that does not produce functional hexosaminidase A and causes GM2 to accumulate in the lysosome. In the end, the ganglion cells in the nervous system swell rapidly, which disrupts the normal function of neurons.
The high-purity gangliosides (Gangliosides) of Matreya is very suitable for mass spectrometry research.
The diverse applications of Matreya's ganglioside standards:
(1) The expression of GD2 and GD3 in cancer play a role in the attachment of tumor cells to ECM;
(2) B4galnt1 gene mutations are involved in the biosynthesis of GM2, GD2 and GA2;
(3) Anti-GD2 antibody activity can fight neuroblastoma;
(4) Neuroprotective GM1 and pro-apoptotic GD3 are involved in neurodegenerative diseases;
(5) GM1 and GT1b promote neuron differentiation and dendrite generation;
(6) GM1, GD1a and GT1b inhibit EGFR, FGR, HGF and PDGFR signals in cancer cell membranes;
(7) GT1b is a receptor for various toxins and can recognize its oligosaccharide structure;
(8) GD1b, GT1b and GQ1b inhibit adenylate cyclase activity to enhance Th1 cytokine production.
http://www.amyjet.com/brand/Matreya.shtml