1. Introduction
The simulated annealing algorithm is an effective algorithm for solving the optimal solution. The simulated annealing algorithm is derived by imitating the natural annealing phenomenon. It takes advantage of the similarity between the annealing process of solid materials in physics and general optimization problems. It starts from a certain initial temperature, and with the continuous decrease of temperature, combined with the probability of sudden jump characteristics, it is random in the solution space. Find the global optimal solution.
The traveling salesman problem, the TSP problem (Travelling Salesman Problem), is also translated into the traveling salesman problem and the salesman problem. It is one of the famous problems in the field of mathematics. Suppose there is a traveling merchant who wants to visit n cities and he must choose the path he wants to take. The restriction of the path is that each city can only be visited once, and he must return to the original city in the end. The path selection goal is that the required path distance is the smallest value among all paths.
So far, none of these problems has found an effective algorithm. I tend to accept the conjecture that NP-complete problems (NP-Complet or NPC) and NP-hard problems (NP-Hard or NPH) do not have effective algorithms. I believe that large-scale examples of such problems cannot be solved by accurate algorithms and must be sought for such problems. Effective approximation algorithm.
The application areas of TSP "Traveling Salesman Problem" include: how to plan the most reasonable and efficient road traffic to reduce congestion; how to better plan logistics to reduce operating costs; how to better set up nodes in the Internet environment to better Let information flow and so on.
Second, the source code
2.1 swap.m
function [ newpath , position ] = swap( oldpath , number )
% 对 oldpath 进 行 互 换 操 作
% number 为 产 生 的 新 路 径 的 个 数
% position 为 对 应 newpath 互 换 的 位 置
m = length( oldpath ) ; % 城 市 的 个 数
newpath = zeros( number , m ) ;
position = sort( randi( m , number , 2 ) , 2 ); % 随 机 产 生 交 换 的 位 置
for i = 1 : number
newpath( i , : ) = oldpath ;
% 交 换 路 径 中 选 中 的 城 市
newpath( i , position( i , 1 ) ) = oldpath( position( i , 2 ) ) ;
newpath( i , position( i , 2 ) ) = oldpath( position( i , 1 ) ) ;
end
2.2 pathfare.m
function [ objval ] = pathfare( fare , path )
% 计 算 路 径 path 的 代 价 objval
% path 为 1 到 n 的 排 列 ，代 表 城 市 的 访 问 顺 序 ；
% fare 为 代 价 矩 阵 ， 且 为 方 阵 。
[ m , n ] = size( path ) ;
objval = zeros( 1 , m ) ;
for i = 1 : m
for j = 2 : n
objval( i ) = objval( i ) + fare( path( i , j - 1 ) , path( i , j ) ) ;
end
objval( i ) = objval( i ) + fare( path( i , n ) , path( i , 1 ) ) ;
end
2.3 distance.m
function [ fare ] = distance( coord )
% 根 据 各 城 市 的 距 离 坐 标 求 相 互 之 间 的 距 离
% fare 为 各 城 市 的 距 离 ， coord 为 各 城 市 的 坐 标
[ v , m ] = size( coord ) ; % m 为 城 市 的 个 数
fare = zeros( m ) ;
for i = 1 : m % 外 层 为 行
for j = i : m % 内 层 为 列
fare( i , j ) = ( sum( ( coord( : , i ) - coord( : , j ) ) .^ 2 ) ) ^ 0.5 ;
fare( j , i ) = fare( i , j ) ; % 距 离 矩 阵 对 称
end
end
2.4 myplot.m
function [ ] = myplot( path , coord , pathfar )
% 做 出 路 径 的 图 形
% path 为 要 做 图 的 路 径 ，coord 为 各 个 城 市 的 坐 标
% pathfar 为 路 径 path 对 应 的 费 用
len = length( path ) ;
clf ;
hold on ;
title( [ '近似最短路径如下，路程为' , num2str( pathfar ) ] ) ;
plot( coord( 1 , : ) , coord( 2 , : ) , 'ok');
pause( 0.1 ) ;
for ii = 2 : len
plot( coord( 1 , path( [ ii - 1 , ii ] ) ) , coord( 2 , path( [ ii - 1 , ii ] ) ) , '-b');
x = sum( coord( 1 , path( [ ii - 1 , ii ] ) ) ) / 2 ;
y = sum( coord( 2 , path( [ ii - 1 , ii ] ) ) ) / 2 ;
text( x , y , [ '(' , num2str( ii - 1 ) , ')' ] ) ;
pause( 0.4 ) ;
end
plot( coord( 1 , path( [ 1 , len ] ) ) , coord( 2 , path( [ 1 , len ] ) ) , '-b' ) ;
x = sum( coord( 1 , path( [ 1 , len ] ) ) ) / 2 ;
y = sum( coord( 2 , path( [ 1 , len ] ) ) ) / 2 ;
text( x , y , [ '(' , num2str( len ) , ')' ] ) ;
pause( 0.4 ) ;
hold off ;
Three, operation effect
3.1 Test one
3.1.1 Data
[ 0.6683 0.6195 0.4 0.2439 0.1707 0.2293 0.5171 0.8732 0.6878 0.8488 ; ...
0.2536 0.2634 0.4439 0.1463 0.2293 0.761 0.9414 0.6536 0.5219 0.3609 ] ;
3.1.2 Effect
run(‘D:\0COCO\Sys\Documents\MATLAB\tsp\main.m’)
请输入城市的坐标
Coord=[ 0.6683 0.6195 0.4 0.2439 0.1707 0.2293 0.5171 0.8732 0.6878 0.8488 ; …
0.2536 0.2634 0.4439 0.1463 0.2293 0.761 0.9414 0.6536 0.5219 0.3609 ] ;
近似最优路径为：7 8 10 9 3 5 4 1 2 6
近似最优路径路程 pathfare= 3.1617
3.2 Test Two
3.2.1 Data
[ 66.83 61.95 40 24.39 17.07 22.93 51.71 87.32 68.78 84.88 50 40 25 ;
25.36 26.34 44.39 14.63 22.93 76.1 94.14 65.36 52.19 36.09 30 20 26] ;
3.2.2 Effect
run(‘D:\0COCO\Sys\Documents\MATLAB\tsp\main.m’)
请输入城市的坐标
Coord=[ 66.83 61.95 40 24.39 17.07 22.93 51.71 87.32 68.78 84.88 50 40 25 ;
25.36 26.34 44.39 14.63 22.93 76.1 94.14 65.36 52.19 36.09 30 20 26] ;
近似最优路径为：1 11 13 4 5 6 7 8 10 9 3 12 2
近似最优路径路程 pathfare= 332.6469
Four, remarks
Complete code or writing to add QQ912100926 past review
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