Detailed ansible module
ansible module
ansible format
Ansible command format: ansible [host] [-m module] [-a args] #Without a module, the default is the command module
ansible-doc -l #List all installed modules
ansible-doc -s module#-s lists the description information and operation actions of the y module
command module
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -m command -a 'date' #查看mysql的时间
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_rsa':
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2020年 12月 18日 星期五 23:46:17 CST
[root@master .ssh]# ansible all -m command -a 'date' #查看两个节点的时间
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_rsa': Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_rsa': #需要输入密码
20.0.0.14 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2020年 12月 07日 星期一 18:01:01 CST
123^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_rsa': #需要输入密码
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2020年 12月 18日 星期五 23:48:17 CST
No interaction
[root@master .ssh]# ssh-agent bash #免交互
[root@master .ssh]# ssh-add
Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_rsa:
Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (/root/.ssh/id_rsa)
[root@master .ssh]# ansible all -m command -a 'date' #不需要在输入密码了
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2020年 12月 18日 星期五 23:50:17 CST
20.0.0.14 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
2020年 12月 07日 星期一 18:03:27 CST
View the small module following the module
[root@master .ssh]# ansible-doc -s command # 看command后面能跟的参数
- name: Execute commands on targets
command:
argv: # Passes the command as a list rather than a string. Use `argv' to avoid
quoting values that would otherwise be
interpreted incorrectly (for example
"user name"). Only the string or the
list form can be provided, not both.
One or the other must be provided.
chdir: # Change into this directory before running the command.
cmd: # The command to run.
creates: # A filename or (since 2.0) glob pattern. If it already exists, this step
*won't* be run.
free_form: # The command module takes a free form command to run. There is no actual
parameter named 'free form'.
removes: # A filename or (since 2.0) glob pattern. If it already exists, this step
*will* be run.
stdin: # Set the stdin of the command directly to the specified value.
stdin_add_newline: # If set to `yes', append a newline to stdin data.
strip_empty_ends: # Strip empty lines from the end of stdout/stderr in result.
warn: # Enable or disable task warnings.
cron module
View cron module information
ansible-doc -s cron
The work done every one minute is to enter a'Lala La' into the helltxt file in the opt directory on the mysql node. The name of the job is'cron_hello'
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -m cron -a'minute="*/1" job="/usr/bin/echo 啦啦啦 >> /opt/hello.txt" name="cron_hello"' #每隔一分钟 所做的工作是往mysql节点上opt目录下的helltxt文件中输入一个'啦啦啦' 工作的名称为'cron_hello'
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"envs": [],
"jobs": [
"cron_hello"
]
}
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -a 'crontab -l'
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
#Ansible: cron_hello
*/1 * * * * /usr/bin/echo 啦啦啦 >> /opt/hello.txt
### 在mysql节点是查看 ###
[root@node2 opt]# cat hello.txt
啦啦啦
啦啦啦
啦啦啦
啦啦啦
啦啦啦
Remove delete instructions (add la la la instructions)
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -m cron -a 'name="cron_hello" state=absent' #移除 删除指令（添加啦啦啦的指令）
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"envs": [],
"jobs": []
}
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -a 'crontab -l' #计划性任务列表中没有计划
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
user module
Create a user with the user module
[root@master .ssh]# ansible all -m user -a 'name="jjj"' #添加用户jjj
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"comment": "",
"create_home": true,
"group": 1001,
"home": "/home/jjj",
"name": "jjj",
"shell": "/bin/bash",
"state": "present",
"system": false,
"uid": 1001
}
20.0.0.14 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"comment": "",
"create_home": true,
"group": 1001,
"home": "/home/jjj",
"name": "jjj",
"shell": "/bin/bash",
"state": "present",
"system": false,
"uid": 1001
}
Delete user jjj in node1
[root@master .ssh]# ansible webservers -m user -a 'name="jjj" state=absent' #删除node1中的 用户jjj
20.0.0.14 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"force": false,
"name": "jjj",
"remove": false,
"state": "absent"
}
[root@node1 opt]# id jjj
id: jjj: no such user
group module
Create a mysql group with gid 306, which is a system user
ansible mysql -m group -a 'name=mysql gid=306 system=yes'
Define the jjj user to the financial group and change the uid to 1050
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -m user -a 'name=jjj uid=1050 system=yes group=caiwu' #把jjj用户定义到 财务组中并且把uid改成1050
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"append": false,
"changed": true,
"comment": "",
"group": 1050,
"home": "/home/jjj",
"move_home": false,
"name": "jjj",
"shell": "/bin/bash",
"state": "present",
"uid": 1050
}
在mysql节点查看
[root@node2 ~]# id jjj
uid=1050(jjj) gid=1050(caiwu) 组=1050(caiwu)
[root@node2 ~]#
copy module
Copy the /etc/fstab file on the mysql node to /opt/fstab.bak (backup), the owner of the new file is root, and the permission is 640
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -m copy -a 'src=/etc/fstab dest=/opt/fstab.bak owner=jjj mode=600'
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "cf1c11d8227d21a5cf568eb9e17db628bfab200f",
"dest": "/opt/fstab.bak",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "7b6c3ed7677cdc76c9c79a09cc5323ad",
"mode": "0600",
"owner": "jjj",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 635,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1607338190.44-56532-141768809784388/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 1050
}
[root@node2 ~]# cd /opt/
[root@node2 opt]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-------. 1 jjj root 635 12月 19 00:42 fstab.bak
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 120 12月 19 00:19 hello.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 3月 26 2015 rh
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -m copy -a 'content="this is ggg" dest=/opt/ggg.txt' #拷贝内容为 ’this is ggg‘ 到 opt 目录下
20.0.0.15 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "fa76b60445fb1955f4f92ea88f0c5f5ca878718f",
"dest": "/opt/ggg.txt",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "ae79dfcda670f54053a0e1d164de0884",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:usr_t:s0",
"size": 11,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1607339156.35-56759-61373438582239/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
[root@glt6 opt]# cat ggg.txt
this is ggg[root@glt6 opt]#
file module
未更改前的属主 和宿组
[root@node2 ~]# cd /opt/
[root@node2 opt]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-------. 1 jjj root 635 12月 19 00:42 fstab.bak
用file模块来修改
[root@master .ssh]# ansible mysql -m file -a 'owner=root group=caiwu mode=666 path=/opt/fstab.bak' #更改文件 把opt下的fstab.bak 的主
在mysql节点上查看
[root@node2 opt]# ll
总用量 12
-rw-rw-rw-. 1 root caiwu 11 12月 19 01:11 fstab.bak
Create link file
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m file -a 'path=/fstab.link src=/opt/fstab.bak state=link' #链接型文件
在mysql节点上查看
[root@node2 opt]# ll /
总用量 30
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 12月 18 22:28 bin -> usr/bin
dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 12月 18 22:43 boot
drwxr-xr-x. 20 root root 3300 12月 18 22:42 dev
drwxr-xr-x. 142 root root 8192 12月 19 09:06 etc
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 12月 19 09:14 fstab.link -> /opt/fstab.bak
Delete the created link file
[root@master etc]# ansible mysql -m file -a 'path=/opt/fstab.bak state=absent'#删除创建的链接型文件
Create empty file
[root@master etc]# ansible mysql -m file -a 'path=/opt/abc state=touch'
在mysql节点上查看
[root@node2 opt]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 19 09:25 abc
Create a directory
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m file -a 'path=/opt/share state=directory mode=755' #创建一个目录
在mysql节点上查看
[root@node2 opt]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 12月 19 09:25 abc
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 11 12月 19 00:58 ggg.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 120 12月 19 00:19 hello.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 3月 26 2015 rh
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 12月 19 09:28 share
ping module
[root@master ~]# ansible all -m ping #ping模块
yum module
Install software remotely
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m yum -a 'name=httpd'#远程安装软件
[root@node2 opt]# rpm -q httpd
httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@node2 opt]#
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m yum -a 'name=httpd state=absent' #卸载yum源软件包
service module
Start httpd service
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m service -a 'name=httpd state=started enabled=true' #启动httpd 开机自启
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m service -a 'name=firewalld state=started'#开启防火墙
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m copy -a 'content="this is kkk" dest=/var/www/html/index.html' #往httpd里写东西
shell module
#往ttt.txt中写内容
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m shell -a 'echo this is ggg > /opt/ttt.txt'
#到 /usr/local 目录下创建了一个 test.txt 文件 并且往里面写了内容
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m shell -a 'chdir=/usr/local echo this is rrr > test.txt'
#在/usr/local目录下创建一个test.txt文件 并往里面写内容
[root@master ~]# ansible mysql -m shell -a 'chdir=/usr/local echo this is rrr > test.txt'
scrpt module
#在mster编写一个脚本
[root@master opt]# vim share.sh
#在所有节点上都写入脚本的内容
[root@master opt]# ansible all -m script -a 'share.sh' #在所有节点上都写入脚本的内容
[root@node1 opt]# ll
总用量 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6 12月 8 04:45 hello.txt
[root@node2 opt]# ll
总用量 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6 12月 19 10:31 hello.tx
setup module
Get facts information of the mysql group host; facts: host name, kernel version, network interface, IP address, etc.
ansible mysql -m setup