Hystrix
Hystrix translates into Chinese as "porcupine". The porcupine is covered with thorns and can protect itself from natural enemies. It represents a defense mechanism, which coincides with the function of Hystrix itself, so the Netflix team uses the framework Named Hystrix. Therefore, the function of Hystrix is a self-protection mechanism, which we call a circuit breaker.
In a distributed system, many dependencies will inevitably fail to call, such as timeouts, exceptions, etc. How to ensure that if a dependency fails, the overall service will not fail. This is what Hystrix needs to do. Hystrix provides functions such as fusing, isolation, Fallback, cache, monitoring, etc., which can ensure that the system is still available when one or more dependencies have problems at the same time.