Linux, CentOS7 install Oracle11g-silent installation

Linux, CentOS7 install Oracle11g-silent installation, pro-test effective

Reference materials:
1. https://www.cnblogs.com/it1992/p/9468124.html
2. https://blog.csdn.net/oschina_41140683/article/details/81510709
Oracle 11g database to create tablespaces, users, Directory, user authorization, modify the maximum number of connections and open the archive log
1. Preparations before installation:
1. Download the Oracle installation package: linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip and linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

2. HostName modification: oracle

hostnamectl set-hostname oracle

3. Close selinux: vi /etc/selinux/config, set as follows, restart the system reboot;
4. Configure kernel parameters

[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf 

# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 7516192768 #7Gkernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

#修改后使之生效
/sbin/sysctl -p

5. Modify user permissions

#root用户
vim  /etc/security/limits.conf

#在末尾添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240

5. In the /etc/pam.d/login file, use a text editor or vi command to add or modify the following content

session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

6. In the /etc/profile file, use a text editor or vi command to add or modify the following content

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
       ulimit -p 16384
       ulimit -n 65536
    else
       ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi

#使之生效：
source /etc/profile

2. The main steps of installing oracle:
1. Create oracle user and user group
2. Configure oracle user environment variables
3. Modify the response file db_install.rsp for installing Oracle software, install
silently 4. Build the database silently dbca, edit the answer file dbca. rsp
5. Log in to the database to test whether the installation is successful

Three, specific steps
1. Create oracle users, and user groups

#创建oinstall和dba组
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
#创建Oracle用户：-d /u01/oracle，将用户创建到/u01下，默认是在/home下
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle -d /u01/oracle
#设置oracle密码
passwd oracle
#验证创建及所属组是否正确：id oracle
#输出结果如下
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)

2. Configure oracle user environment variables

su - oracle
vim ~/.bash_profile 
#添加如下内容，注意修改的是oracle用户的环境变量，su - oracle切换用户
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export NLS_LANG=.AL32UTF8
export PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/:$ORACLE_HOME/lib64

#使配置生效
source ~/.bash_profile 

3. Modify the response file db_install.rsp for installing Oracle software

su - oracle 
创建响应文件配置目录
mkdir  -p /u01/oracle/etc  

创建oracle安装目录
mkdir  -p  /u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g 

#将下载的压缩文件解压到/u01/oracle目录下，解压完成后/u01/oracle目录下会生成一个database目录
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /u01/oracle 
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /u01/oracle 

#将/u01/oracle/database/response下dbca.rsp,db_install.rsp,netca.rsp的文件拷贝到/u01/oracle/etc下
cp /u01/oracle/database/response/*  /u01/oracle/etc

#编辑/u01/oracle/etc下的db_install.rsp文件（注意要用oracle用户编辑）
vi /u01/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

#在db_install.rsp中找到要修改的配置，db_install.rsp文件如下图

The configuration to be modified in db_install.rsp is as follows

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY     // 安装类型
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle// 主机名称（hostname查询）
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall     // 安装组
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oracle/tools/oraInventory   //INVENTORY目录（不填就是默认值）
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 选择语言
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1   //oracle_home
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g     //oracle_base
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE 　　　　// oracle版本
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false 　　//自定义安装，否，使用默认组件
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba   						// dba用户组
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall 					// oper用户组
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //数据库类型
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl			//SID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自动管理内存的内存(M)
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false         //（手动写了false）
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g/oradata
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g/fast_recovery_area
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true 　　//设置安全更新（貌似是有bug，这个一定要选true，否则会无限提醒邮件地址有问题，终止安装。PS：不管地址对不对）

#用db_install.rsp开始静默安装oracle
su - oracle 
cd /u01/oracle/database
./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile  /u01/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

#安装完成，提示Successfully Setup Software.如下
==========================================================
/u01/oracle/tools/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/oracle/tools/oracle/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window 
2. Log in as "root" 
3. Run the scripts 
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
 
Successfully Setup Software.
==========================================================

#退出oracle 用户，用root用户执行脚本。安装完后会在Successfully Setup Software上方出现执行脚本路径
exit
sh /u01/oracle/tools/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /u01/oracle/tools/oracle/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

4. Silently dbca build database (create orcl instance), edit the answer file dbca.rsp (/u01/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp)

su - oracle
vi /u01/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME="orcl.oracle"   //大概在78行位置
SID="orcl"             //大概在149行位置
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" //大概在190行位置
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle" //大概在200行位置
CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8"  //大概在415行位置
NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8"  //大概在425行位置

# 执行：
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

Enter SYS user password: oracle 
Enter SYSTEM user password:oracle
执行结果如下
====================================================================
[oracle@docker ~]$$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

Enter SYS user password: 
  
Enter SYSTEM user password: 
 
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
57% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
74% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file Look at the log file "/u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log" for further details.
====================================================================

#若实例创建错误，删除实例命令：
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourcedb orcl



#设置Oracle开机启动
vi /etc/oratab

orcl:/u01/oracle/tools/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y  # //把“N”改成“Y”

5. Log in to the database

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba

# 启动oracle实例
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 6680915968 bytes
Fixed Size                  2213936 bytes
Variable Size            3892316112 bytes
Database Buffers         2751463424 bytes
Redo Buffers               34922496 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

#启动成功