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This article uses Python to draw two cartoon characters, and takes you to familiarize yourself with some usages of the drawing package turtle. Let’s take a look at the final Pikachu drawing effect.
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Please make sure that Turtle has been installed successfully before use. When installing Turtle for the first time, the pip installation package is used, but the following error will always appear.
After consulting the information, a feasible solution was found:
-
1. Download the turtle package from the Internet, the download link is: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ff/f0/21a42e9e424d24bdd0e509d5ed3c7dfb8f47d962d9c044dba903b0b4a26f/turtle-0.0.2.tar.gz
-
2. Unzip the compressed package in 1, modify the setup.py script: modify the ValueError, ve at line 40 ;
except ValueError, ve:To
except (ValueError, ve): -
3. Use the pip command to install the local download file
pip install C:\Users\XXX\Desktop\turtle-0.0.2
2. Introduction to turtle command
Turtle has a feature when drawing. The number of lines of code looks relatively large, but what is used is the command operation, which is used back and forth; here I list several commonly used commands of turtle in advance, and briefly introduce its usage next to it, which is convenient Everyone's learning:
| Func (function) | Para type (parameter type) | Desc (description) |
|---|---|---|
| turtle.screensize(a,b,bg) | int;int;colorstring /tuple | Create a canvas of a*b size, bg is the background color, and is a tuple of r, g, b; |
| turtle.title(name) | string | The name of the canvas window is set to name |
| turtle.mainloop () | -(Means no parameters) | Start the event loop, this statement must be placed in the last sentence when used |
| turtle.Turtle() | - | The subclass of RawTurtle() is the object of the brush, l to set related attributes of the brush |
| turtle.Turtle().tracer(bool) | bool | bool = False, which means to call before drawing; bool=True means to call after drawing |
| turtle.Turtle().pensize(size) | int | Set the brush size to size; |
| turtle.Turtle().seth(to_angle) /turtle.Turtle().sething(to_angle) |
float/int | Turtle direction angle is set to to_angle |
| turtle.Turtle().setx(x) | int/float | Set the abscissa x of turtle, y remains unchanged |
| turtle.Turtle().sety(y) | int/float | Set the ordinate y of the turtle, x remains unchanged |
| turtle.Turtle().forward(distance) turtle.Turtle().fd(distance) |
int/float | The pen moves forward by distance units in the original direction |
| turtle.Turtle().backward(distance) turtle.Turtle().bk(distance) turtle.Turtle().back(distance) |
int/float | The pen moves backward by distance units in the original direction |
| turtle.Turtle().left(distance) turtle.Turtle().lt(distance) |
int/float | The pen moves to the left by distance units in the original direction |
| turtle.Turtle().right(distance) turtle.Turtle().rt(distance) |
int/float | The pen moves distance units to the right in the original direction |
| turtle.Turtle().goto(x,y) | float/int,float/int | The pen jumps to the specified coordinate position (x, y) |
| turtle.Turtle().circle(radius,extends) | int/float,int/float/None | Draw a circle with a specified radius. The center of the circle is determined according to the radius, the direction of the pen, and the angle of the drawing circle; extends is the drawing angle (less than 360 means drawing a part of the arc), and extends is a positive value and the drawing direction is counterclockwise. Otherwise clockwise; |
| turtle.Turtle().speed(num) | int/float | Set the brush drawing speed to num |
| turtle.Turtle().penup() turtle.Turtle().up() |
- | Raise the pen and stop drawing |
| turtle.Turtle().pendown() turtle.Turtle().down() |
- | Put down the pen and start drawing |
| turtle.Turtle().fillcolor(color) | string/tuple/colorname | Set the pen fill color color, the input format supports four types: color code string ('#000000'), rgb tuple ((r,g,b)), tk specified color string ("red") |
| turtle.Turtle().begin_fill() | - | After calling, start to fill the drawn shape with color |
| turtle.Turtle().end_fill() | - | Stop filling color after calling |
Note : Newline in func means or. Each function name has its abbreviation, so there are 2-3 different ways of writing functions, but the function is the same,-means no parameters;
… There are a lot of turtle related methods and classes. The ones listed here are only some of the commonly used ones. If you are interested, you can take a closer look at the official website documentation. The link is: https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/turtle. html?highlight=screensize#turtle.seth
3. Draw Pikachu
Code part
'''
绘制皮卡丘
'''
import turtle
def getPosition(x,y):
turtle.setx(x)
turtle.sety(y)
print(x,y)
class Pikachu:
def __init__(self):
self.t = turtle.Turtle()
t = self.t
t.pensize(3) # 画笔大小
t.speed(9) #画笔速度
t.ondrag(getPosition)
def onTrace_goto(self,x,y):
self.t.penup()
self.t.goto(x,y)
self.t.pendown()
def leftEye(self,x,y):
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t = self.t
t.seth(0)
t.fillcolor('#333333')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(22)
t.end_fill()
self.onTrace_goto(x,y+10)
t.fillcolor('#000000')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(10)
t.end_fill()
self.onTrace_goto(x+6,y+22)
t.fillcolor('#ffffff')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(10)
t.end_fill()
def rightEye(self,x,y):
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t = self.t
t.seth(0)
t.fillcolor('#333333')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(22)
t.end_fill()
self.onTrace_goto(x,y+10)
t.fillcolor('#000000')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(10)
t.end_fill()
self.onTrace_goto(x-6,y+22)
t.fillcolor('#ffffff')
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(10)
t.end_fill()
def mouth(self,x,y):
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t = self.t
t.fillcolor('#88141D')
t.begin_fill()
# 下嘴唇
l1 = []
l2 = []
t.seth(190)
a = 0.7
for i in range(28):
a +=0.1
t.right(3)
t.fd(a)
l1.append(t.position())
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t.seth(10)
a = 0.7
for i in range(28):
a +=0.1
t.left(3)
t.fd(a)
l2.append(t.position())
#上嘴唇
t.seth(10)
t.circle(50,15)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-50,15)
t.circle(-50,40)
t.seth(233)
t.circle(-50,55)
t.left(180)
t.circle(50,12.1)
t.end_fill()
# 舌头
self.onTrace_goto(17,54)
t.fillcolor('#DD716F')
t.begin_fill()
t.seth(145)
t.circle(40,86)
t.penup()
for pos in reversed(l1[:20]):
t.goto(pos[0],pos[1]+1.5)
for pos in l2[:20]:
t.goto(pos[0],pos[1]+1.5)
t.pendown()
t.end_fill()
# 鼻子
self.onTrace_goto(-17,94)
t.seth(8)
t.fd(4)
t.back(8)
# 红脸颊
def leftCheck(self,x,y):
turtle.tracer(False)
t = self.t
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t.seth(60)
t.fillcolor('#DD4D28')
t.begin_fill()
a = 2.3
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i <30 or 60 <= i <90:
a -= 0.05
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
else:
a += 0.05
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
t.end_fill()
turtle.tracer(True)
def rightCheck(self,x,y):
t = self.t
turtle.tracer(False)
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t.seth(60)
t.fillcolor('#DD4D28')
t.begin_fill()
a = 2.3
for i in range(120):
if 0<= i<30 or 60 <= i< 90:
a -= 0.05
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
else:
a += 0.05
t.lt(3)
t.fd(a)
t.end_fill()
turtle.tracer(True)
def colorLeftEar(self,x,y):
t = self.t
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t.fillcolor('#000000')
t.begin_fill()
t.seth(330)
t.circle(100,35)
t.seth(219)
t.circle(-300,19)
t.seth(110)
t.circle(-30,50)
t.circle(-300,10)
t.end_fill()
def colorRightEar(self,x,y):
t = self.t
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t.fillcolor('#000000')
t.begin_fill()
t.seth(300)
t.circle(-100,30)
t.seth(35)
t.circle(300,15)
t.circle(30,50)
t.seth(190)
t.circle(300,17)
t.end_fill()
def body(self):
t = self.t
t.fillcolor('#F6D02F')
# 右脸轮廓
t.penup()
t.circle(130,40)
t.pendown()
t.circle(100,105)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-100,5)
# 右耳朵
t.seth(20)
t.circle(300,30)
t.circle(30,50)
t.seth(190)
t.circle(300,36)
# 上轮廓
t.seth(150)
t.circle(150,70)
#左耳朵
t.seth(200)
t.circle(300,40)
t.circle(30,50)
t.seth(20)
t.circle(300,35)
# 左脸轮廓
t.seth(240)
t.circle(105,95)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-105,5)
#左手
t.seth(210)
t.circle(500,18)
t.seth(200)
t.fd(10)
t.seth(280)
t.fd(7)
t.seth(210)
t.seth(300)
t.circle(10,80)
t.seth(220)
t.seth(10)
t.seth(300)
t.circle(10,80)
t.seth(240)
t.fd(12)
t.seth(0)
t.fd(13)
t.seth(240)
t.circle(10,70)
t.seth(10)
t.circle(10,70)
t.seth(10)
t.circle(300,18)
t.seth(75)
t.circle(500,8)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-500,15)
t.seth(250)
t.circle(100,65)
# 左脚
t.seth(320)
t.circle(100,5)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-100,5)
t.seth(220)
t.circle(200,20)
t.circle(20,70)
t.seth(60)
t.circle(-100,20)
t.left(180)
t.circle(100,20)
t.seth(300)
t.circle(10,70)
t.seth(60)
t.circle(-100,20)
t.left(180)
t.circle(100,20)
t.seth(10)
t.circle(100,60)
# 横向
t.seth(180)
t.circle(-100,10)
t.left(180)
t.circle(100,10)
t.seth(5)
t.circle(100,10)
t.circle(-100,40)
t.circle(100,35)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-100,10)
# 右脚
t.seth(290)
t.circle(100,55)
t.circle(10,50)
t.seth(120)
t.circle(100,20)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-100,20)
t.seth(0)
t.circle(10,50)
t.seth(110)
t.circle(110,20)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-100,20)
t.seth(30)
t.circle(20,50)
t.seth(100)
t.circle(100,40)
# 右侧身体轮廓
t.seth(200)
t.circle(-100,5)
t.left(180)
t.circle(100,5)
t.left(30)
t.circle(100,75)
t.right(15)
t.circle(-300,21)
t.left(180)
t.circle(300,3)
# 右手
t.seth(43)
t.circle(200,60)
t.right(10)
t.fd(10)
t.circle(5,160)
t.seth(90)
t.circle(5,160)
t.seth(90)
t.fd(10)
t.seth(90)
t.circle(5,180)
t.fd(10)
t.left(180)
t.left(20)
t.fd(10)
t.circle(5,170)
t.fd(10)
t.seth(240)
t.circle(50,30)
t.end_fill()
self.onTrace_goto(130,125)
t.seth(-20)
t.fd(5)
t.circle(-5,160)
t.fd(5)
# 手指纹
self.onTrace_goto(166,130)
t.seth(-90)
t.fd(3)
t.circle(-4,180)
t.fd(3)
t.seth(-90)
t.fd(3)
t.circle(-4,180)
t.fd(3)
# 尾巴
self.onTrace_goto(168,134)
t.fillcolor('#F6D02F')
t.begin_fill()
t.seth(40)
t.fd(200)
t.seth(-80)
t.fd(150)
t.seth(210)
t.fd(150)
t.left(90)
t.fd(100)
t.right(95)
t.fd(100)
t.left(110)
t.fd(70)
t.right(110)
t.fd(80)
t.left(110)
t.fd(30)
t.right(110)
t.fd(32)
t.right(106)
t.circle(100,25)
t.right(15)
t.circle(-300,2)
t.seth(30)
t.fd(40)
t.left(100)
t.fd(70)
t.right(100)
t.fd(80)
t.left(100)
t.fd(46)
t.seth(66)
t.circle(200,38)
t.right(10)
t.end_fill()
# 尾巴花纹
t.fillcolor('#923E24')
self.onTrace_goto(126.82,-156.84)
t.begin_fill()
t.seth(30)
t.fd(40)
t.left(100)
t.fd(40)
t.pencolor('#923e24')
t.seth(-30)
t.fd(30)
t.left(140)
t.fd(20)
t.left(150)
t.fd(20)
t.right(150)
t.fd(20)
t.left(130)
t.fd(18)
t.pencolor('#000000')
t.seth(-45)
t.fd(67)
t.right(110)
t.fd(30)
t.left(110)
t.fd(32)
t.right(106)
t.circle(100,25)
t.right(15)
t.circle(-300,2)
t.end_fill()
# 帽子、眼睛、嘴巴、脸颊
self.cap(-134.07,147.81)
self.mouth(-5,25)
self.leftCheck(-126,32)
self.rightCheck(107,63)
self.colorLeftEar(-250,100)
self.colorRightEar(150,270)
self.leftEye(-85,90)
self.rightEye(50,110)
t.hideturtle()
def cap(self,x,y):
self.onTrace_goto(x,y)
t = self.t
t.fillcolor('#CD0000')
t.begin_fill()
t.seth(200)
t.circle(400,7)
t.left(180)
t.circle(-400,30)
t.circle(30,60)
t.fd(60)
t.circle(30,45)
t.fd(60)
t.left(5)
t.circle(30,70)
t.right(20)
t.circle(200,70)
t.circle(30,60)
t.fd(70)
t.right(35)
t.fd(50)
t.right(35)
t.fd(50)
t.circle(8,100)
t.end_fill()
self.onTrace_goto(-168.47,185.52)
t.seth(36)
t.circle(-270,54)
t.left(180)
t.circle(270,27)
t.circle(-80,98)
t.fillcolor('#444444')
t.begin_fill()
t.left(180)
t.circle(80,197)
t.left(58)
t.circle(200,45)
t.end_fill()
self.onTrace_goto(-58,270)
t.pencolor('#228B22')
t.dot(35)
self.onTrace_goto(-30,280)
t.fillcolor('#228B22')
t.begin_fill()
t.seth(100)
t.circle(30,180)
t.seth(190)
t.fd(15)
t.seth(100)
t.circle(-45,180)
t.right(90)
t.fd(15)
t.end_fill()
t.fillcolor('#228B22')
def start(self):
self.body()
def main():
print(" Painting the Pikachu....")
turtle.screensize(800,600)
turtle.title("Pickachu")
pickachu = Pikachu()
pickachu.start()
turtle.mainloop() # running
if __name__ =='__main__':
main()
4. Draw Doraemon
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Code part
#五轨迹跳跃
def my_goto(x,y):
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
def eyes():
fillcolor('#ffffff')
begin_fill()
tracer(False)
a = 2.5
for i in range(120):
if 0<= i<30 or 60 <= i <90:
a -= 0.05
lt(3)
fd(a)
else:
a += 0.05
lt(3)
fd(a)
tracer(True)
end_fill()
#胡须
def beard():
my_goto(-32,135)
seth(165)
fd(60)
my_goto(-32,125)
seth(180)
fd(60)
my_goto(-32,115)
seth(193)
fd(60)
my_goto(37,135)
seth(15)
fd(60)
my_goto(37,125)
seth(0)
fd(60)
my_goto(37,115)
seth(-13)
fd(60)
#嘴巴
def mouth():
my_goto(5,148)
seth(270)
fd(100)
seth(0)
circle(120,50)
seth(230)
circle(-120,100)
#围巾
def scarf():
fillcolor('#e70010')
begin_fill()
seth(0)
fd(200)
circle(-5,90)
fd(10)
circle(-5,90)
fd(207)
circle(-5,90)
fd(10)
circle(-5,90)
end_fill()
#鼻子
def nose():
my_goto(-10,158)
seth(315)
fillcolor('#e70010')
begin_fill()
circle(20)
end_fill()
#黑眼睛
def black_eyes():
seth(0)
my_goto(-20,195)
fillcolor('#000000')
begin_fill()
circle(13)
end_fill()
pensize(6)
my_goto(20,205)
seth(75)
circle(-10,150)
pensize(3)
my_goto(-17,200)
seth(0)
fillcolor('#ffffff')
begin_fill()
circle(5)
end_fill()
my_goto(0,0)
def face():
fd(183)
lt(45)
fillcolor('#ffffff')
begin_fill()
circle(120,100)
seth(180)
fd(121)
pendown()
seth(215)
circle(120,100)
end_fill()
my_goto(63.56,218.24)
seth(90)
eyes()
seth(180)
penup()
fd(60)
pendown()
seth(90)
eyes()
penup()
seth(180)
fd(64)
def head():
penup()
circle(150,40)
pendown()
fillcolor('#00a0de')
begin_fill()
circle(150,280)
end_fill()
# body
def Doraemon():
head()
scarf()
face()
nose()
mouth()
beard()
my_goto(0,0)
seth(0)
penup()
circle(150,50)
pendown()
seth(30)
fd(40)
seth(70)
circle(-30,270)
fillcolor('#00a0de')
begin_fill()
seth(230)
fd(80)
seth(90)
circle(1000,1)
seth(-89)
circle(-1000,10)
seth(180)
fd(70)
seth(90)
circle(30,180)
seth(180)
fd(70)
seth(100)
circle(-1000,9)
seth(-86)
circle(1000,2)
seth(230)
fd(40)
circle(-30,230)
seth(45)
fd(81)
seth(0)
fd(203)
circle(5,90)
fd(10)
circle(5,90)
fd(7)
seth(40)
circle(150,10)
seth(30)
fd(40)
end_fill()
seth(70)
fillcolor('#ffffff')
begin_fill()
circle(-30)
end_fill()
my_goto(103.74,-182.59)
seth(0)
fillcolor('#ffffff')
begin_fill()
fd(15)
circle(-15,180)
fd(90)
circle(-15,180)
fd(10)
end_fill()
#右手
my_goto(-103.42,15.09)
seth(0)
fd(38)
seth(230)
begin_fill()
circle(90,260)
end_fill()
my_goto(5,-40)
seth(0)
fd(70)
seth(-90)
circle(-70,180)
seth(0)
fd(70)
#铃铛
my_goto(-103.42,15.09)
fd(90)
seth(70)
fillcolor('#ffd200')
begin_fill()
circle(-20)
end_fill()
seth(170)
fillcolor('#ffd200')
begin_fill()
circle(-2,180)
seth(10)
circle(-100,22)
circle(-2,180)
seth(180-10)
circle(100,22)
end_fill()
goto(-13.42,15.09)
seth(250)
circle(20,110)
seth(90)
fd(15)
dot(10)
my_goto(0,-150)
#画眼睛
black_eyes()
if __name__ =='__main__':
screensize(800,600,'#f0f0f0')
pensize(3) # size of pen
speed(9) # speed of pen
Doraemon()
my_goto(100,-300)
write("by zeroing",font = ("Bladley Hand ITC",30,'bold'))
mainloop()
It should be understood from the number of lines of code above that the most difficult part of turtle is not its usage, but the user’s overall geometric shaping of the entire object, which must be very accurate globally, otherwise it will be difficult to draw a satisfactory pattern in the end
Interested students can copy the above code directly into their IDE and run it directly. The above is all the content of this article, thank you for reading!