1. Installation environment
cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
2. Install epel network yum source
yum -y install epel-release
3. Update yum source
yum clean all
yum makecache
4. Update the rpm package
yum -y update
5. Installation dependent environment
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel zlib1g-dev zlib*
zlib1g-dev may report that it does not exist, ignore it temporarily
6. Download python3.7
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
If the domestic download is too slow or the link is invalid, please use the following link
wget -c http://itityunwei.cn/linux_package/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
7. Unzip python3.7
tar -vxf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz (Note: Do not add j parameter)
8. Install python3.7
mkdir -p /usr/local/python3
cd /usr/local/src/Python-3.7.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations --with-ssl
make && make install
9. Create soft connection (shortcut)
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv /usr/local/bin/virtualenv (does not exist, it will be used to create a virtual environment later, it will be installed later)
10. Check if python3 is successfully installed
python3 -v
pip3 -v
11. Modify pip source to domestic source
cd /root
mkdir .pip
cd .pip
the pip.conf
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
12. Recompile and install python3, add with-ssl
cd /usr/local/src/Python-3.7.0
./configure --with-ssl
make && make install
13. Upgrade pip3 and install virtual environment
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip3 install virtualenvwrapper
14. Edit the .bash_profile file
cd /root
cp .bash_profile .bash_profile.back
vim .bash_profile
Add the following lines at the bottom
export WORKON_HOME=/Envs
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=/Users/mosson/Library/Python/3.7/bin/virtualenv
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/python3/bin/python3
source /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
Effective configuration file
source .bash_profile
15. Create a virtual environment
Create a virtual environment
[root@localhost ~]# mkvirtualenv The name of the virtual environment
If you need to specify other versions of python
[root@localhost ~]# mkvirtualenv -p The directory where the python interpreter is located (The default is /Envs )
Switch virtual environment
[root@localhost ~]# workon virtual environment name
Exit virtual environment
[root@localhost ~]# deactivate
view virtual environment
[root@localhost ~]# lsvirtualenv
16. Solve the problem of coexistence of python2 and python3, in order to quickly switch the python version and support the coexistence of multiple python versions (this method is also applicable to windows, which is my experience for many years)
cd /usr/local/bin/
mv python python2 (Note: python here refers to the python version currently running on the system, the default is python2, which is also the python version read by the system on any global interface. I want python3 to take effect globally instead of python2 as the default version, so To rename python to python2, it is best to rename the original version of the execution program, which is the execution program of python2 by default, rename it to python2)
mv python3 python (Note: To make python3 take effect globally, you need to rename python3 to python so that the system can call python3 to execute. Simply put, just rename the version you want to switch. Of course, the relevant version of the startup program needs Soft link to this directory)
cd
python
Found that python3 has been used as the default startup version
[root@localhost ~]# python
Python 3.7.0 (default, Jan 4 2021, 17:53:08)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.
exit()
done !