Today, I used Beautifulsoup to crawl the content of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms novel on http://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html.
-bs4 data analysis principle:
-1. Instantiate a BeautifulSoup, and load the page source data into the object
-2. Perform label positioning and data extraction by calling relevant attributes or methods in the BeautifulSoup object
-environment installation-
pip install bs4
-pip install lxml (it is a parser, both bs4 and xpath will be used) -How
to instantiate the BeautifulSoup object:
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup -Object
instantiation-
1. Load the data in the local html document into the object
#will Load the data in the local html document into this object
fp = open('./text.html','r',encoding='utf-8')
soup = BeautifulSoup(fp,'lxml')
-2. The source code of the page obtained on the Internet is loaded into the object
page_text = response.text
soup = Beatifulsoup(page_text,'lxml')
and attributes provided for data analysis:
-Methods -soup.tagName:What is returned is the tag corresponding to the first occurrence of tagName (div, a, etc.) in the document
-soup.find():
-find('tagName'): equivalent to soup.tagName -attribute
positioning:
-soup.find('div',class_ (underline the tag if it is written)='song')
-soup. find_all('tagName'): Return all tags that meet the requirements (a list)
-select:
-soup.select('A certain selector (id, class, tag... selector) + tag'), returned Is a list
-level selector-soup.select
('.tang> ul> li >a')[0]:> indicates a level, level selector-soup.select
('.tang> ul a'): space Represents multiple levels, the li tag between ul and a is represented by a space
-get the text data between the tags
-when the tag is located, such as soup.a.text/string/get_text to get the corresponding text data
soup.select(' .tang> ul a')[0].string
-text and get_text can get all text content in a label
-string can only get the text data directly under the label
-Get the
attribute value in the label: -soup.a['herf']
Another important point: the label name must be written correctly! ! ! ! !
Not much to say about the code below.
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
if __name__=='__main__':
headers = {
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3947.100 Safari/537.36'
}
url = 'http://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html'
page_text = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers).text
print(page_text)
#在首页中解析出章节的标题和详情页的url
#1.实例化对象，需要将页面源码数据加载到该对象中
soup = BeautifulSoup(page_text,'lxml')
#解析章节标题和详情页url
li_list = soup.select('.book-mulu >ul >li')
fp = open('./sanguo.text','w',encoding='utf-8')
for li in li_list:
title = li.a.string
detail_url = 'http://www.shicimingju.com'+li.a['href']
#对详情页发起请求，解析出章节内容
detail_page_text = requests.get(url=detail_url,headers=headers).text
#解析出详情页相关的章节内容
detail_soup = BeautifulSoup(detail_page_text,'lxml')
div_tag = detail_soup.find('div',class_='chapter_content')
content = div_tag.text
fp.write(title+':'+content+'\n')
print(title,'爬取成功！！！')The result is in the picture above.
