Literature Search-Web of Science

Web of Science

Before introducing how to search, do a simple science popularization (in order to be easy to understand, not rigorous, you can know what these are about after reading, this is completely enough). Just skip to the next section without watching popular science.

As people of science and engineering, you must have heard of such things as "post an SCI and post an EI".
There are many scientific researchers in this world, and everyone will share their scientific research progress with everyone. There are two main ways: 1. Everyone sits down and chats [conference]; 2. Writes a composition [journal]. That is to say, voting for conferences and journals.
The conference will have a collection of conference essays. What everyone who came to the conference said, make a record. This record is your contribution to the meeting. You don’t need to talk about it when you submit a journal. You have to write an essay and ask for it to be published in a book.

There are many disciplines and countless research directions in this world, and they all have journals in their respective fields. When you want to join in to do research, how do you check where everyone is progressing? Finding a journal to look at its catalog and exposing ancient and modern in chronological order are all methods. In 1950, an old man proposed an efficient method Citation Index (CI).

When you write your essays, you will always attach the articles I copied and borrowed from them at the end . On this basis, I have compiled some innovations. Therefore, all articles can be divided into four relationships:

1. A borrows from B (citing)
2. B was cited by A (cited)
3. AB said the same things, but did not learn from each other (Relavant)
4. What AB said is totally okay

Through these four relationships, you can quickly understand the research situation in this direction from any article you find.

So the father established three famous index databases in the fields of natural sciences, social sciences, art and humanities :

1. SCI(Science Citation Index)
2. SSCI(Social Citation Index)
3. A&HCI(Arts & Humanities Citation Index)

Among them, the one we are familiar with in science and engineering is SCI. The SCI database does not record the specific content of the article. It records the relationship network of this article and various analyses of the "social status" of this article. And Web of Science is a Web summary version of all such databases ( in the era when the Internet was underdeveloped, the so-called SCI database was a very heavy book that could be borrowed from the library. At that time, I wanted to use it to search for documents. , Go to the library to read, write down the topics of the papers in the paper relationship network you find, and then take these topics to find the original papers to read ).

The interface of Web of Science is very clean. You can see that Web of Science is a product of Clarivate (Clarivate). The other columns on the sidebar and Web of Science are all other products of this company (maybe you are familiar with the EndNote paper management software).

In addition to databases such as SCI, Web of Science also includes various databases in other countries. The SCI, SSCI, and A&HCI databases belong to the core collection of Web of Science (after all, these databases were the pillars when they started from scratch, and it is not too much to call them the core collection).
This is the end of popular science~

Web of Science Search Tutorial

First of all, I will choose the database as the core collection of Web of Science because all the databases also include citation index databases from China, South Korea, Russia and other countries. Research monks who pursue high-quality articles must be refined, even so, it is also massive Papers... I am a science and engineering major. I want to search only the SCI database. You can also select only the SCI database in the more settings below ( you can choose, but not necessary. After all, science and engineering articles will not be included in the social science database. Really received, then it is really necessary to look at his interdisciplinary thinking )~

The following is an explanation of commonly used retrieval methods that can meet the needs of scientific research. ( Web of Science has many professional and fancy functions, which we generally don’t use. I only talk about the ones I find practical. I will test some functions in the future. It will be added in time after it is easy to use ). The complete tutorial can be found on the official website of Web of Science. The purpose of this article is to condense the most practical ones from the complicated tutorials.

Basic search

Useless field

The record of a document in the citation index database is completed through various fields , that is, to record a document is to record it: title, abstract, keywords, author, editor, institutional author, group author, publication year, address , Accession number and so on. When searching, you can specify what you want to search, such as searching the group author field, and the search result is all the documents that contain this information.

In the basic search, generally only the subject is searched . For the completeness of the content, only an introduction will be made for other basic searches . You can skip it .

• PubMed ID
  has a medical database called MEDLINE. PublicMed ID is the ID of each record in this database. For example, searching 148474* can retrieve all MEDLINE records beginning with this ID.
• Group Author If
  the copyright of a document belongs to a certain group or organization, then this group or organization is the group author of the document. It is easy to understand that you are studying the atomic bomb. You have made progress in your research and published a paper. Do you dare to say about your results? That must be the country of the group.
• The DOI
  Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is the "two-dimensional code" of an electronic document, which is actually a string of strings used to uniquely identify an electronic document. Just as books have an identification number called ISBN, journals also have his identification number called ISSN.
• Conference
  This conference is the field you want to search. After you select it, you should enter the conference title, location, date, sponsors in the search box. These contents are used for searching. The content retrieved is still the article information included in the database. . Such as search (India AND 2000), the first result is:
  
• ORCID has
  a variety of names for scientific researchers, so each scientific researcher can apply for a business card , which will record all your published research work and some of your personal information. Of course, there is also this ORCID used in place of the name, but not all authors use this thing.

The others will not be listed, in short, it is useless. For example, if I want to find a rich woman to support me, I will filter the fields that I care about, such as "wealth", "face value", and "household registration". Why should I understand the meaning of the "happy ball number" field?

"Subject" field

The subject field includes: title, abstract, keywords, Keywords Plus (the author did not write by himself, but was added related keywords). These fields can already clearly describe the important information of a paper.

Of course, if you want to check an author, you have to select the author field, and you can’t find anything if you check the person’s name under the subject field

PS: Diao Min always asks, the teacher asked me to investigate, how did I find out lonely?
That's because you copied the references directly and searched under the subject field , such as:
Sebastian Kleis, Joachim Steinmayer, Rainer H. Derksen, and Christian G. Schaeffer, "Experimental investigation of heterodyne quantum key distribution in the S-band or L-band embedded in a commercial C-band DWDM system," Opt. Express 27, 16540-16549 (2019)
. There are both the author, the journal, the serial number, the year, and the quoted The title of the entire word. How can I find things under the subject field? The subject field will only match the four items "title, abstract, keywords, and Keywords Plus". Would you write your own name as a key word in the paper~ The

result is like this.

Whether it’s a paper database or a browser search, the rules are not too different. I have seen many people search like this on Baidu: Who is the cutest Japanese Beep Beep in 2020? Don't forget to add the question mark.
Are you asking Baidu questions? It's just a bunch of code, without thinking, how can it answer your question? These are all text matching processes, and you need to search for keywords. The correct search method should be: 2020 space cute space Japanese space beep space ranking . The same is true for databases~

"Author" field

Same as the previous section, just change the search field to author . When searching for the author's name, Web of Science requires the input of [surname + space + initials]. For example, to search for the author Alessio Ferrari, you need to enter Ferrari A. (Different search platforms have different requirements for name search, and they must be adapted to local conditions. The most important thing is to distinguish which is the last name and which is the first name. Anyway, I try to go back and forth, I can't tell...)

In addition, in order to search more smoothly, we need to learn a little search expression~

Search expressions & rules

1. The search operator and or not near/x same
   near/x and the same operator can be ignored and are not commonly used.
   Search operators are not case sensitive, AnD, and, AND are all the same. When searching for two keywords, the space defaults to and. That's why you can find a lot of documents if you enter the title of a paper. If you want to find only this one, you need to put quotation marks around it, so that the whole topic will be treated as one word.
   You don’t need to remember the precedence of operators, just add parentheses and you’re done near/x>same>not>and>or
2. The wildcard * $?
   $ Is used to replace a character or do nothing. For example, if you search for flavor$r, you can search for flavor and flavor, which is very useful for the difference between the English and American spelling of the same word.
   ? Used to replace a character, the difference between it and the $ is that you can't take the pit and do nothing. Such as: searching for Barthold?, you can search for Bartholdi and Bartholdy and so on. This is useful for the last name of the author whose last character is uncertain. (But it's useless for me with English scum whose spoken language=0)
3. The god of search: "*" .
   * Can replace any character of any length , but there must be at least three characters before using *, such as: zeo* is legal, ze* is illegal. In the same way, there are at least three characters in the back. For example, *bio
   PS: There are many search rules for asterisks, just because programmers have to take all the circumstances into consideration, and in actual use, those rules are basically not useful. Remember that the * wildcard can only be used when searching for the subject field. Can the author field be used? Do you really know how to use it? I haven’t seen someone’s name in a paper and copied it and searched it. How can I use wildcards? Although there are rules, there is no need to know~
4. Advanced rules: lemmatization + stemming lemmatization
   is enabled by default. When you search for a word, the corresponding root will be searched automatically to avoid the workload caused by morphological changes. For example, when searching for a communicate,
   
   you will often come across the retrieved article, and there is no matching word marked in yellow. Why do you retrieve it? It is because of the morphological restoration function. On the right side of the figure above, you can see the title of the field I searched for, and the search term is communicate. In the second result, there is the same root word communicating, and similarly, those papers with communication in the title will also be retrieved.
   PS: When your search terms are too simple, there will be a lot of search results, and only some of the results will be displayed, so if you want to think about the search terms, or 1W results, do you have to manually filter?
   Stemming is a similar function, which is also automatically turned on. When the word or phrase is limited with "", and after wildcards are used, these two functions are automatically turned off.

Cited Literature Search

This function is very practical. When you see a classic paper and want to check its subsequent development, the quickest way is to check which documents have cited this paper. If you want to read the contributions of this article, you only need to check the references given under this article. And follow-up development, you need to use this retrieval function!

I chose an example of an article that has been cited as high as 2000. The first step is to make sure to view the follow-up development of that document. The above picture is the first step of retrieval. After retrieving the desired document, select it and click to complete the retrieval.


So you found 1960 articles that cited this article. You can’t read it all. So use the highly cited papers and hot papers below for further selection. This time there are only 30 articles left, and they are ready to be read. In this way, you can complete a general understanding of a research direction in a short period of time~.

Advanced Search

Since the basic search can achieve the effect of advanced search, why should I remember the formula of advanced search? Anyway, I am lazy and can remember it, but it is not necessary. As shown below:

Analyze search results

Another very useful function of Web of Science is to analyze search results. Directly on the map right (there are some details not fully unfold, and then in doubt, Baidu chant)



through the analysis of search results, lock core journals / caucus-related research content, sustained attention to these journals / conferences, you Can always be at the forefront of subject development . In this way, I also learned that big cattle and scientific research institutions in this field can be your best choice for promotion.

postscript

Web of Science is a very useful research tool. I only introduce the tip of the iceberg, but they are all the most practical ones. Do not put the cart before the horse in scientific research, and spend your energy on the use of learning tools. These methods and skills should be mastered slowly in the process of paper inquiry and demand resolution. Don't worry~
The introduction of Web of Science in this article is enough to meet your scientific research needs.
See you guys~