Before starting the text, I first declare that this article is mainly aimed at some discussions on the writing of graduation thesis by science and engineering students who have completed scientific research results. These discussions are only personal superficial thoughts. If you have different opinions, please feel free to raise them. If you have any questions, please contact me through comments or private messages.
Before we talk about this problem, we must first understand what the graduation thesis is and why we need to write it.
According to the definition of encyclopedia, "graduation study", counted as a course, is the last link in the professional education of ordinary secondary professional schools, colleges, undergraduate colleges, higher education self-study examinations, undergraduate and postgraduate qualifications. Students concentrate on scientific research training and require students to summarize independent homework and write papers before graduation."
From the above description, it can be seen that the domestic graduation thesis is a course used to consider the results of students' scientific research training, and the final production of this course is the graduation thesis. ———Explained "What is a graduation thesis?"
The above is a graduation thesis from the perspective of the teacher and the school. From the perspective of the student, the graduation thesis is a comprehensive display of text + pictures of the results achieved in the entire scientific research stage. ——Explained "Why write a graduation thesis?"
Composition of graduation thesis
According to the above discussion, the purpose of writing a graduation thesis is to show your scientific research results to others in the form of graphics and text. In order to show the scientific research results, the following questions are usually asked
-
Why do you want to do research in this area-the significance of research
-
What kind of research have you done in this area-research background
-
The basic background knowledge that you need to know before you get to the research content-usually the introduction of Chapter 2
-
What are the shortcomings of previous research? How did you improve? What is the result of the improvement? ——These three questions constitute the main research content of the article
-
Are there any shortcomings in the current research results, and how should future research be carried out-summary
The fourth point is the core of the whole paper. The first three points are to illustrate the meaning of the fourth point, and the fourth point is to show that your results are meaningful.
These questions are very simple to list, but to clarify these questions requires you to master the basic professional knowledge proficiently in order to write them fluently.
Writing scientific research papers is like writing a story. The talents you want to read will have the motivation to read it step by step.
Below we will introduce each part one by one.
Research significance and background
Research significance and background are usually the basis for selecting the topic of your graduation thesis, indicating that your work is useful. Through the description of this part, people should know that this part is indeed problematic, and how far the research is at present. It can be pointed out what deficiencies in the current research provide a pavement for subsequent improvements, which is a very important part of the paper.
But everyone's topic selection is usually given by the teacher, and there is very little actual thinking about this aspect.
When writing a paper, it is usually difficult to write it by yourself because there is no accumulation of knowledge. You can only write it by looking at other people’s ideas. Although there is nothing wrong with this routine, it will lead to a high repetition rate. In order to reduce weight, we can only use some strangeness. The weird sentence is also very difficult for the viewer to read.
This part of the content looks very easy to write, but it is actually the most difficult part. I used to write the project application report with the teacher. The research background and significance of the project usually need to be revised repeatedly, because only this part can convince the readers. The desire to continue reading.
How should this one be written?
According to my own experience, you need to consult the needs of related industries for the significance of research, (for example, communication needs faster speed, smaller delay, lower cost, etc.), and explain this demand with numbers or other forms The urgency of (if you don’t see it, you should return to reading other people’s descriptions to summarize).
Then it leads to the fact that there is so much market for such demand, so many people have studied for this you need to read a lot of literature (read-only abstract and core improvement results), and give a description of their results (condense the abstract into one sentence) , It’s best to present a gradually improved hierarchical relationship, and finally summarize the current research situation, and point out which deficiencies exist (the deficiencies here are usually not that others have done badly. For most people, the performance beyond is very It's difficult to do, but other people's research can't cover everything. There are always some scenarios that cannot be solved very well by the existing methods. Use this scenario as the background to start your work).
research Foundation
This is usually the second chapter of the graduation thesis. The purpose of this chapter is mainly to introduce the basic knowledge and mathematical tools of this part of the research content, and to provide a basis for the description of the subsequent chapter 3. Most readers from professional backgrounds may skip Chapter 2 and return to Chapter 2 to view related content when encountering problems.
It is relatively easy to write this chapter. Just write down the theoretical basis of the knowledge you have read, and indicate where to quote.
research content
The research content is the core content of this paper. It is also the core reason and motivation for others to read your paper. This part of the content should answer three questions.
1.
What are the shortcomings of previous research?
2. How did you improve?
3. What is the result of the improvement?
This part of the content is the main work content that ordinary students are engaged in during the scientific research training phase of the actual graduation thesis. Now we have to display it in the form of graphics and text.
Relatively speaking, this part is relatively familiar to the students who have carried out research seriously and achieved rich results. You write a whole idea of your scientific research and guide readers to gradually understand the process and progress of your research.
For students with relatively few research results, because the first two questions are relatively fixed, in order to more fully describe this part of the content, you need to increase your research results display, and reflect your own superiority through the display of various aspects and scenarios.
After finishing this part of writing, you must go back and take a closer look at how the above three questions are answered, and whether your arguments, ideas, and results are tenable. Avoid the following types of problems
-
The research scenarios and requirements are not clearly stated, causing others to think that the deficiencies you said do not exist or have been solved by someone
-
Improvement thoughts and ideas are not clearly stated, causing others to disapprove of your improvement methods
-
The result of the improvement is relatively unobvious (even if the picture is not obvious, it can be supplemented by text), causing others to think that the improvement is not significant
-
The description is chaotic, the three questions are not answered in turn, and readers can’t get the point
Summary and outlook
This part is quite a small summary and expansion of the research content, usually people will not have any requirements for this part, because the graduation thesis is usually the end of a learning phase, and everyone knows that most people will not continue to study Go down.
A plain description is the best choice for this part.
The word count of graduation thesis
Now the requirements for graduation thesis are becoming more and more stringent, and the dynamic is 2W-3W. Without sufficient in-depth understanding and extensive reading, it is difficult to write so much content. In order to improve the word count, you can make the following adjustments
1. Increase the number of cited papers (this part will definitely be included in the statistics)
2. Increase the number of background research papers and the detailed description (no one will object to meticulous investigation)
3. Give more detailed research results (for example, print out the data in a table) and analyze the research results
4. The abstract description is more detailed (the abstract is in both Chinese and English, and if you write more Chinese in English, it will be improved accordingly)
The repetition rate of graduation thesis
After solving the problem of word count, another annoying problem is the problem of repetition rate. Now the requirements for graduation thesis are becoming stricter and stricter. In order to limit the occurrence of plagiarism, most of them usually put forward the requirement of repetition rate.
And because most people do not have enough theoretical reserves and reading to write graduation thesis, they can only read some literature materials temporarily, so that they can't leave the shadow of others, or they can only write by looking at other people's content. If the repetition rate is high, there is no suspense.
Usually for this kind of problem, most of the choices are to copy first and then modify. This method can indeed effectively reduce the repetition rate problem but also leads to the problem of reduced readability. Although the graduation thesis does not require flashy rhetoric, the graduation thesis The requirements for readability are higher, because the professional content itself requires a lot of brain power to understand. If the readability is poor, it will be more difficult to read.
Therefore, how to make changes is very skillful. Here are a few useful suggestions
1. Replace with words and sentence patterns. The same sentence can be said in many different sentence patterns. At the same time, one sentence can be divided into several sentences, and several sentences can be combined into one sentence.
2. Where it is inevitable to cite the content of others, try to cite and label as much as possible, and don't rush to cite the parts that have not been checked.
3. When introducing and summarizing background description and basic knowledge, try to use abstracts of English papers to summarize. Everyone's English level and professional level are not consistent, and the results obtained by translating English are also different.
4. For content that is easy to repeat, try to use pictures to describe or display, such as digital results.
5. If you have money, you can check it several times and make changes while checking
In summary, the graduation thesis is a summary display of the results of professional training. The main purpose is to show your scientific research results. For science and engineering students, the overall logic of the graduation thesis is the most important.
After the logic is smooth and complete, as long as you pay attention to the meaning and content of the research when writing, others will think that reading your paper is meaningful and will naturally improve the evaluation of your research results.