Writing his thesis and renovated in a way similar nature - is a low frequency of occurrence, but the great thing quantities. Many people may live 20 years of first contact with the paper (or renovated), sad reminder that from the beginning to understand the relevant knowledge independently and only a few months, had to cross the river by feeling the stones, the middle inevitably take a roundabout .
I write papers, when the degree of pain that a few months of painful - set out to write from the beginning to the end of the middle several times whether the self-doubt, self-denial, that can not be written at the moment. But when finished come back summarize the thesis of routine, to feel for the purpose of graduation thesis is really very simple, almost can be understood as universal and forty-six writing the same template. Now if I re-do it again, I can say that I can spend less than a month to finish a qualified master's thesis, two months will definitely be able to write a good thesis. (In my subject category)
Why do you say that? Because after I walked down again, we will summarize what steps away bent, which parts of unnecessary wasted too much energy, which parts of which the first to write after write.
Let me share with you own summary of this wave - effective written a thesis of "Sao operation."
First, what is the first step in preparing the paper it?
Many people will tell you, the first step is to write articles that you read a lot of literature.
why? You read the text countless veteran mentor, he will not know you're even the most basic thesis is to find out what things are not. But in fact most people writing his thesis for the first time when the paper really did not thoroughly understand what it is. Even not seen a decent paper. In this case, a lot of literature is to see only delays, but the more you look at the mess.
Because Every document is very long, there are a lot of papers and very obscure word order words (probably drop heavy consequences), if read from cover to take a long time. Again, if you've never written a paper, may not be able to distinguish the paper in the garbage and cream, known online papers abundance, it is no exaggeration to say that a lot of junk literature, after reading not help your research. Like, you've never been to the kitchen, even the dishes are not selected will not be cut, they begin to see the chef's cookbook study, ready to make a meal, is not it feel less what steps?
So, before you understand the structure of the paper, do not rush to download a bunch of literature (really talk download you could not stand).
So I suggest that the first step in writing a thesis: you need to figure out what the structure of a thesis qualified yes.
Whether you are undergraduate or graduate students, whether in business or liberal arts science and engineering, thesis have a relatively fixed structure.
Thesis is generally divided into 5-6 chapters. (According to the requirements of each school or discipline may be some differences, but the original aim, are the basic structure)
Chapter One Introduction
Chapter II: theoretical basis (or literature review)
Chapter 3: research hypothesis
Chapter 4: argumentation
Chapter Five: Conclusions
Chapter 6: Research and lack of prospects
Although the title and content of each discipline is not exactly the same, but the general idea is this, and this interlocking chapters, each chapter needs to have evidence of the previous chapter.
Now I briefly each chapter, you will after reading basically you have completed the first step, you can directly enter the second step!
Chapter One Introduction
The first chapter generally contains several subheadings: are: research background, purpose and significance, research methods, the paper structure ......
A title you should know that this part of the basically empty cliches, mainly about the background and purpose, since you chose this topic, eyes closed can write content, it is recommended to have a mind to do preliminary ideas can be, do not worry writing, we recommended last time on papers to write. (I do not recommend paper in accordance with the order of the chapters to write, such as the introduction part can be placed in position after the deviation.) Writing about the order I would say that in the second step.
Chapter II / rationale
Theoretical foundation (or called literature review) This part is still relatively important, because writing papers and other articles written biggest difference is that every one of your views and conclusions must have a source - either through your own experiments demonstrated either need there are results of previous studies as support. Therefore, the equivalent of the contents of this part of the Gailou foundation.
But from another point of view, this part because it is the basis of previous studies, a large part of the contents of all cited references, the literature search can HowNet cnkiorg.cn, basically do not have to write the first draft, so do not spend too much time, you can finally drop the weight. Strictly speaking, it must be the first to have a theoretical basis to the next step, but today if you need common sense out the card, I'm not used to write the answer. After this step you can write on core part: since that graduation is based on the purpose of his thesis, I give the skills to. (I will detail the second step of writing the order).
Parenthetically cited documents, reference can reference format on each school citation annotation specification. Can while writing labels, you can also finish marked the reunification, I was the latter.
Chapter III / propose hypotheses
It is the core of the full text of Chapter IV of writing! Please note that I said is the core of the writing, not the respondent and the core of the paper (the core of the paper is usually the third and fifth chapters), but for writing papers, these two chapters are my recommendations must first Finished. Because different disciplines, a large difference between these two chapters, but the same general direction. I took my own thesis (Social Studies) example of it.
The third chapter is my empirical analysis, subheadings are included: interviews with research, study the establishment of assumptions and models, questionnaire design and data collection.
In short chapter it is generally based on the theory of the second chapter, the article discusses how you propose research hypotheses. Your point of view is the whole core of literary theory.
Chapter IV / demonstration process
The process is generally the basis of chapter three hypotheses on the data collected is analyzed to verify your hypothesis holds. This section generally takes time usually longer (but not writing time, but time study), because there will be calculated or research process. (And if you do come out to verify the result of a problem, we had to repeatedly re-do)
Chapter V / Results
In fact, throughout this part of the paper it is extremely important, especially in disciplines application class. Because he not only describes your research process come to a conclusion what you mention in the third chapter assume that in the end which was established which does not hold? And related to your thesis or research results in the end what is the point, there is no practical value.
Remember: When writing papers, the fifth chapter is the key conclusion of the study, but not difficult. Why do you say that? Because as long as you get the third and fourth chapters, conclusions of chapter V is a natural thing, basically coherent Evans Quan. But if hesitant Chapters III and IV, or a variety of errors, that chapter does not want to write smoothly. So once again stressed: heavy and difficult to Chapters III and IV is writing.
Chapter VI deficiency and prospect / Research
This part personally think does not matter, because each paper is not perfect, when you are writing you will be able to find ten thousand defects, so in the end self-criticism when the pick a few less talk about issues of principle such as: research target range is not wide enough, theoretical models can then refine and so on ...... hope that future generations can continue to explore other simple look ahead. Here you can refer to learn about how others are self-criticism and literature outlook, basically a routine.
Talking about this, each chapter of the general content already know. Here you can enter the second step, also I think before you start to write papers more important step: writing the order and time allocation "Sao operation."
Step Two: On the basis of clear structure, arrange the order and time put into writing each chapter.
Why do I say that writing arrange the order and time allocation is important? Whenever the students wrote papers should have their hearts points, even if you leave enough time to write papers a year, you will certainly not drag its feet so far. The so-called DDL are primary productive forces, the ability to say you have six months ahead of the start of each day uniform methodical writing papers I do not believe, who are not the last DDL crazy, every day around the clock to catch the progress of it?
So I wrote the show with a sequence of operations of the paper, a reasonable allocation of a good time to invest in the future, even if time is tight, there is still able to schedule and complete the outstanding papers.
Okay, now I want to start writing the order to say, this is my own summed up, not necessarily for everyone, but suggest that you refer to, I will be 11 reasons.
Briefly say why such an arrangement order: First As already explained, four hundred fifty-three third chapter is the core of the whole thesis. In fact, when you're preparing your topic, these three chapters of the plan should already have a prototype. If there is a research experiment, you may need to experiment would have to do almost the same. So be sure to take advantage of the research process also warming up quickly to the core of the write, this time is the most efficient.
For example, my thesis is empirical research methods, is to survey-based data analysis. So I had to survey and data analysis completed before writing papers. But since the middle of my laziness, procrastination took a long time to write the data analysis process, in the middle there are several aspects of the data analysis process is already forgotten how, and they had to re-use analysis software to run again, wasted a lot of time.
And the benefits of the first to write core content is: Once your core part of the successful completion of studies (either reasoning or experimental evidence data), can already determine your dissertation conclusion is consistent with your expectations, do not appear large deviations principle . The probability of banning federal funding also greatly reduced. Later wrote other content when the heart will be very practical.
I had a student write the usual order paper, wrote half started doing research and data analysis, analysis of data and assumptions before it is completely not on, not only the core of the need to reinvent the wheel, even the introduction and theoretical foundation should follow re-write, just terrible.
So if you first get three hundred forty-two core chapters difficulty, shoving the fifth chapter also written off. (As already said three or four chapters successfully completed, Chapter V came out naturally, and painlessly) it can be said at this time your heart has been very emboldened, even if only 30% complete target words, I that the whole paper you have completed more than 50%.
Some students might say: Why chapter to write back into position so? If there is no theoretical basis for the second chapter, how your hypothesis put forward, in case it does not match with the theoretical basis? Indeed, this issue is worth discussing it.
First of all, just said, I am talking about the second step is to arrange a good time and order, have not really started writing pen to paper. Before actually start writing, or to look at some of the literature, of course, it is also a look at the literature methods and techniques (see below third step). The conclusion by looking at the literature, you already know your basic rationale is probably what the scope, but without first put pen to paper to write a chapter of the theoretical basis. Second, you want to know the results of previous research and literature are massive, long after the general direction of no deviation, the conclusion can finish, in turn, find ready-made theoretical assumptions based on your theory ...... A stick up for not on the theory B, not find C .... there is always a right for you. Moreover, the benefits of doing so is not because the back of the conclusions are biased, so that you have all of the theoretical basis overthrow rewrite. (Although this is not in line with the spirit of scholarship, but if you just to graduate and not to do research, this method can not necessarily)
If you have completed these four chapters, the first draft of your paper that has basically been completed 90%, and the last two chapters, the first chapter and Chapter VI and lack of prospects, that is, Sasa water friends, absolutely floating get.
Finally, talk about time allocation: time allocation, in accordance with the order of the chapters written just written: Chapter III (hypotheses) - Chapter IV (argumentation) - The fifth chapter (conclusion) - Chapter 2 ( theoretical Summary) - other (random), in descending order.
Why such an arrangement time? The first is the importance of time allocation decisions. The above has been described before. The second is that if the time is really too late, before the investigation can copy and paste major segments from the second to the last part of the chapter, first draft completed. By then re-check by way of reducing weight and modified, in order to gain time.
The third step: download the relevant literature to read, read-only core. Although I do not come on to read a lot of literature, but when you have completed the second step of writing paper frame and ordering the future, they can be targeted to download and read the literature. But reading literature is a skill: first, through the first two steps, you are already familiar with the structure and routine of the paper, know the core of each paper in what position, then when you start reading the literature, as one look at his core part of it.
General look at the summary, probably just a few minutes, if you feel a little reference value, to pull the conclusions of the fifth chapter, look at the third chapter of the model assumptions. The basic core content of this article mastered. Do you think part by screening reference value of literature, you just need to pick a few focus on the essence of the article as a content reference. Then you might ask yourself when writing papers cited in the literature so much need, they need a really watching it? Hey, here's a tip to share, the essence of the paper in your screening, inevitably, there are many references to articles, so you can follow it, others can be a direct reference to the literature cited in the paper.
Step Four: Press the scheduled order to start writing. This step is already a detailed account in a second step, there is just a reminder steps are actually three steps in front of the preparatory stage, here began the real pen to paper!
Step five: pay first draft. Writing the first draft of the process is from 0-1, it must be large and painful, but keep in mind that the first draft of this session, because of the huge amount of work, do not seek perfection, just above my way to achieve that is the task of words can. This time is more important than complete perfection! Circulated on the Internet saying: "When you finish the first draft paper paste pay up, you will be successful is to transfer the pain to a supervisor who, because he has to worry about how to change your papers."
About mentor modify this part of my inconvenience explained, because of the different schools in different tutors of the thesis requirements and degree audits bad days to do, the responsible supervisor will give you modify the comment paragraph by paragraph, there are many instructors do not see more of it all. But no matter what kind of mentor, you still have to remember that the paper or on your own.
Here the point of non-real-name like my mentor, my thesis modify very carefully, and even formatting problems are all to find out, let me first draft after continuous optimization of details, to avoid a lot of trouble. Moved ~~
Step Six: drop weight. After almost instructors modified, it is part of a heavy fall. Then paste write the first draft of the debt must now be repaid, but do not be scared, not technically difficult.
I recommend starting with the first pass down heavy when school library to check, there will be a detailed repetition of the place marked, easy to modify. General check where the highest rate of weight is the theoretical basis, because the presence of large chunks may copy and paste, and more citations. About method to reduce weight, no shortcuts, a word is a word changes, but there is no technical difficulty, as long as the language of knowledge to other people's ideas in your own words restate it again on the line. That's why I asked in front of everyone so do not put the theoretical basis of the previous position began to write, do not spend too much time - to copy and paste like, such as heavy drop again when the modified sentence by sentence, but at this time has no difficult, just need a little time.
Step Seven: typography, adjust the details, submit the final draft - please pursuit of perfection.
About layout and details of the adjustment, do not look down. While each school typesetting and regulatory requirements are not exactly the same, but the precise layout and avoid low-level errors are reflected in academic norms, but also to avoid the maximum extent possible reply mentor you not rigorous academic prick. This aspect of the general school will have their own rule book, mostly attentive care more careful! And in strict accordance with the requirements to modify standardized.
Of course, this is the last step, after adjustment complete details can submit a final draft. After the final pass, then congratulations, papers have been completed, wait for the reply from the graduate has infinitely close to it!
