Author | Bei Shuang
Recently, another professional Go game has been on the Zhihu Hot List.
The reason is also that the suspected players used AI to cheat.
On September 6, in the "Chuangqi Shanggang" Go Exchange Tournament held in Jiaxing, Zhejiang, amateur 6-dan player Li Xu defeated professional 7-dan Zhang Tao. This result makes many professionals feel strange, after all, Tang Weixing and other dark horses in the amateur world have never played such a result.
After the game, many people conducted an AI analysis on Li Xu's chess record, and found that the AI of the first 150 moves in the first three choices was 100% consistent, which caused a lot of heated discussions among netizens who knew whether the players had AI. Suspected of cheating?
Some netizens believe that this AI coincidence is either a technology or a fairy trail.
Some netizens analyzed the game record from a professional point of view, and pointed out that its play style has obvious characteristics of AI layout, and it does not conform to normal logic in many places in the official stage.
But there are also netizens who stand for Li Xu, saying that the game layout is indeed magical, but he cannot be judged cheating based on the degree of AI coincidence.
More netizens are still eating melons, waiting for the parties or event organizers to respond.
1 sling 7 players, or AI possession?
When it comes to AI cheating tools, most people may first think of AlphaGo produced by Google, but the AI that can beat human champions is far more than AlphaGo.
China's Fine Arts, Star Array, Belgium's Leela Zero, and many softwares in South Korea and Japan have reached a level far surpassing the top human masters, and many softwares are now open source and everyone can download and use them for free.
Most professional chess players or enthusiasts usually use the game with AI to improve their chess skills, but there are also some player companies that use AI to cheat in professional games (this behavior is commonly known as "walking the dog").
At the beginning of this year, such an AI cheating incident occurred in South Korea. The players involved used the AI software Leela Zero. This is the first case of AI cheating and sentenced in the Go world so far.
For face chess, there are generally two ways to judge whether or not to cheat. One is to look at the degree of overlap between the game record and the mainstream AI Go tools, and the other is to look at the player's past record and strength.
In terms of record, amateur 6 players sling professional 7-stage players, which is really rare in regular events.
Left Zhang Tao, right Li Xu
It is understood that Zhang Tao was promoted to the professional 7th dan in July last year. Before that, he had defeated Li Xuanhao with black chess in the 2017 Zhejiang "Danghu Ten Game Cup" CCTV Go Express Tournament and won the championship. Spirit team Go player, won the 2007 "Diamond 120 Cup" Northern Amateur Go King Championship.
In addition, in this same event, Zhang Tao also defeated world champion Ke Jie during the semifinals when Xu Tao was in the fifth stage of his career.
Although Li Xu has repeatedly won the championship in the amateur Go tournament, usually speaking, he can only fight against players of industry 3 or industry 4. And judging from the confrontation between the top ten amateurs and the top ten professionals, if the top ten professionals do not stick to their eyes, the two sides will be 50-50.
In addition, Tang Weixing (who won the Evening News Cup multiple times in a row), who is currently the highest level in the industry, has not exceeded this level.
Therefore, netizens who had doubts about the results of the game at the beginning, after discovering the high AI consistency of Li Xu's chess record, began to question his use of AI to cheat in the game.
An Up master of station B ran the game replay with Super AI Hawkeye. The weight she used was the latest weight of KATAGO 40blocks. The result showed:
In the first 150 hands of the first three picks, Li Xu’s AI coincidence is as high as 100%, while Zhang Tao’s AI coincidence is 81.3%. The latter is normal, and this data shows that Zhang Tao himself is good at chess. There are also super long plays.
But 100% match has never appeared before. The highest match was 90% before, and it happened in the battle between the world's first chess player Shen Zhenzhen and the late chess player Fan Yunruo.
As soon as the result came out, a large number of netizens began to comment and question, it seems that the players used AI to cheat as an established fact. For example, some netizens said that there is no evidence to prove it, but everyone knows it well.
Some netizens directly suspect that the smart glasses and watches worn by Li Xu were tools of the crime at the time.
Google Glass (built-in smart camera)
However, for these doubts, an Up master said it is very absurd. The first is this smart glasses, from the official website, its battery life is only 20 minutes, not enough to support the end of the game. In addition, how does he communicate with the outside world? If you use the bone conduction sound that comes with the glasses, it is likely to be heard by others in the face of chess, so you can only wear a built-in headset, but the on-site security check did not find any abnormal electronic products.
Moreover, even though Li Xu’s AI fits well and he belongs to an amateur player, it is not possible to conclude from this point that the player has “walking the dog” behavior.
2 Playing cards not according to common sense, AI routines are full
Regardless of AI coincidence, Li Xu's choice of points beyond the normal thinking of human beings is also the focus of controversy. Among them, Zhihu, a respondent who specializes in the technical field of Go, Ruoguang, gave an analysis of several illogical points.
First of all, the layouts on 11, 23, 27 and 29 seem to be AI-shaped routines.
- The opening 11 ignored the hanging corners, reflecting the AI-like sense of chess.
- 23 Jump out, take care of the top and bottom, put pressure on the three characters below, strengthen the top, and view the overall situation MAX!
- 29 Instead of choosing the A-place touch that is commonly used by humans, one more child was given (here one more borrow is indeed more important than one more death).
Of course, if you have studied the layout of AI, the black moves listed above can be "remembered".
However, if it is the well-known AI stereotypes, then the speed of chess should be very fast, not to mention that Shen Zhenzhen’s layout only takes 1 minute and 30 moves, but the speed of chess is not very slow, especially in black chess. At one point, he was in an absolute lead with about 20 meshes, so this made people feel suspicious.
In addition, the style of play in the official stage is also really puzzling. such as,
- 213 took a look back.
- 219 no longer sticks all the way, but chooses to squeeze unilaterally.
- 221 does not go 222 items, but chooses to squeeze upwards.
- 233 "Acquisition officer in every difficulty."
For these operations, Li Xu gave an official explanation on the Internet, which probably means,
After all, it's a friendly match. I'm afraid of winning too much trouble, so I deliberately messed up.
3 What do you think about this?
Don't let this kind of case become a headless case
In recent years, with the development of AI technology, doubts about AI cheating in Go games have been heard.
The most influential one should be a suspected case in Zhejiang in 2018.
At that time, at the "Lishui Qingyun Cup" National Amateur Go Open, an unknown Go black horse defeated the amateur 8-dan Hu Yuqing in a game. Hu Yuqing was known as the "Four Kings of the Amateur Go" at the time. One", although the stage has not been determined, the chess power can basically reach the level of professional players.
But then, after the referee reminded the player not to put his mobile phone in his upper pocket, the black horses suddenly lost and announced their retirement.
After the game, it can be seen from the live video playback that this chess player is likely to communicate with the outside world through a mobile phone in his jacket pocket and use AI tools to cheat.
At the same time, Hu Yuqing recalled afterwards that the opponent's style of play was very strange. During the crucial stage of the fierce battle between the two sides, the opponent could quickly determine the advantage point, but in the relatively simple final stage, it took a long time to think.
It is through this matter that the Chinese Go Association issued a notice that all future contestants are strictly prohibited from carrying mobile phones and other electronic products.
The recurrence of such suspected incidents in recent days has inevitably made many chess players worried that this trend will intensify.
As one netizen said, the best way to curb this trend is to stop letting such cases become unmanageable, and the parties to come forward to explain may be the most convincing way.
Reference link:
- https://www.zhihu.com/question/419929323
- https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1pp4y1e7GX?from=search&seid=10003604147960854363
- https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1uZ4y1N77w/?spm_id_from=trigger_reload