One: 5G development driving force
The ITU wireless communications department officially determined that the legal name of 5G is "IMT-2020". The
United States takes the lead in commercial use and seizes the opportunity. Because of the problem of home broadband in 4G, it is impossible to use fiber to enter the home.
Why do you want to use wireless broadband to deploy home broadband ? Research and development of 5G:
①: Some services cannot be supported by 4G network, and the delay rate is not enough, such as 1.4Gbps HD VR, autonomous driving, telemedicine;
②: cloud VR needs 5G network support;
③: large-scale Internet of Things (wisdom City, intelligent society);
ITU's vision for IMT2020:
①: eMBB (enhanced MBB, 10Gbit/s) enhances user experience; (VR, AR, MR)
②: Autonomous driving has high requirements for delay, so It also defines another scenario uRLLC (ultra-high reliability and ultra-low latency service, 1ms);
③: mMTC (mass connected IoT service, one million connections per square kilometer).
Two: The latest development of 5G protocol standards
5G started from 3GPP Release 15.
Japan and South Korea 5G operators formed an alliance with Verizon, and the four most radical operators established OTSA (5G Open Trial Specification Alliance), aiming to accelerate the 5G standardization and commercialization process (having a huge blow to 3GPP)
• Jointly develop 5G trials unified specifications
• in addition to the operator to participate, the follow-up will join the network, chips, terminals, equipment manufacturers
• promote 28GHZ spectrum issuance
• accelerate commercial solutions, promote 5G industry
• jointly accelerate the development and discussion 5G use cases
of non-standard OTSA there The risk of undermining the unified 5G globalization standard and fragmenting the industrial chain.
5G networking modes: non-independent networking (NSA) and independent networking (SA).
uRLLLC: Explore business requirements and feasible deployment modes
defined in the R16 version. Currently, it does not meet the requirement of 1ms delay. In the air interface (dispatch-free, fast dispatch, etc.), bearer network (SDN), core network (sinking) are all Optimize accordingly.
mMTC: Coexistence with NB/eMTC
5G will not be involved in LPWA;
NB-loT/eMTC technology is still evolving;
5G will coexist with NB-loT/eMTC.
Huawei was among the best in the third phase of NSA and SA testing.
The top 5G chips: Qualcomm, Samsung, Intel, etc.
5G terminal: mobile phone, CPE (5G signal can be converted to WIFI, wireless home access), MiFi
Three: 5G revolution and evolution
4G Vs 5G:
Spectrum: the most important resource for wireless transmission 4G (below 6GHz) 5G (above 6GHz)
air interface: 4G (LTE) 5G (new multiple access, full duplex, new waveform, new frame structure, new code ) (New Air Port)
网络架构：4G（EPC）5G（5G网络功能，虚拟+云化）
运营：4G（人工及简单的SON）5G（基于大数据，智能化，自动化）
Spectrum characteristics: The lower the frequency, the smaller the attenuation and the better the coverage under the same conditions; the higher the spectrum, the smaller the coverage and the richer the spectrum resources.
C-band (3.4GHz-4.9GHz) can provide at least 200M global broadband, and will become the main spectrum of 5G networks.
2.6GHz is the second mainstream spectrum.
NGC target network: business-oriented, 4 major technical features
①: control bearer separation (CUPS)
control plane → central control plane (can be placed in the core test)
user plane → regional user plane
edge user plane (under the core network user plane function Sinking to the edge data center, closer to the base station, closer to the user, the purpose is to reduce the user's time delay)
②: Mobile Edge Computing (MEC): The core network function can sink to the edge center
③: Network function reconstruction: full cloud
Network slicing , network architecture reconstruction, software function reconstruction ④: Network slicing: different users have different requirements, and if they need to be isolated from each other, slicing is used to divide the physical network into multiple logical networks to achieve different functions
4: 5G global commercial plan
The first wave of 5G market mainly focuses on eMBB business
Attachment: Overview of the development of mobile communications
1980: 1G analog standard, voice services, using NMT, TACS, AMPS, NAMTS and other standards; (analog communication era)
♥only provide regional voice services
♥low spectrum utilization
♥no public interface for each system
♥Very poor capacity Limited
♥ Low security.
1990: 2G digital system, voice service, low-speed data service, using GSM, CDMA; (digital communication era)
♠High security
♠High voice quality
♠Development interface
♠ High frequency band utilization
In 2000: 3G mobile multimedia services, using TD-SCDMA and WCDMA based on GSM, CDMA2000 based on CDMA, mainstream standards in the 3G era: mobile, China Unicom, and telecommunications; (competition of the three standards)
♦Form a global unified communication standard
♦Realize global seamless Roaming
♦Provide mobile multimedia services
2010: 4G mobile broadband, using TD-LTE and FDD LTE; (life-changing technology)
♣Flat, IP-based network architecture
♣High network speed and low transmission delay
♣Provide high-quality mobile video services
2019: 5G Internet of Everything, focusing on eMBB, uRLLC, mMTC; (Era of Internet of Everything, Interoperability of Everything)
• All-cloud network architecture
• Ultra-low latency
• Ultra-large bandwidth
• Ultra-large connection
5G development trend: 5G = platform, let Mobile Internet and mobile Internet of Things are a joint, 5G is a platform for new applications, new business models, and new industries
