python3 bytes and string conversion

Preface

The most important new feature of Python 3 is probably a clearer distinction between text and binary data.

Text is always Unicode, represented by str type, and binary data is represented by bytes type.

Python 3 will not mix str and bytes in any implicit way. It is this that makes the distinction between the two particularly clear.

You cannot concatenate strings and byte packets, and you cannot search for strings in byte packets (or vice versa), and you cannot pass strings to functions whose parameters are byte packets (or vice versa).

How to create bytes data in python

>>> bytes([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9])
>>> bytes("python", 'ascii') # 字符串，编码

String

'''
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'''
>>> website = 'http://www.baidu.com/'
>>> type(website)
<class 'str'>
>>> website
'http://www.baidu.com/'

utf-8 to bytes

'''
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'''
>>> website_bytes_utf8 = website.encode(encoding="utf-8")
>>> type(website_bytes_utf8)
<class 'bytes'>
>>> website_bytes_utf8
b'http://www.baidu.com/'

Decode into string, default is not filled

>>> website_string = website_bytes_utf8.decode()
>>> type(website_string)
<class 'str'>
>>> website_string
'http://www.baidu.com/'