1. Mandarin training
2. Vocabulary training
principle:
How many Chinese characters and words are there, if there is no coordination, change, arrangement of various organs,
How to distinguish between the various characters met pronunciation of it .
Sunshine reading
1. Read, there is momentum at the beginning, and momentum at the end
2. Correction of mouth shape, exaggerated training, and daily progress
3. A breath, a short breath
4. Effective method: hold your breath and exhale
Note: At the beginning, the words were copied one by one, but now the words are read one by one.
Error-prone pronunciation
jieshu unity
Qishi Start
愼 他 dui 4
Gossip fei 1
Persuasive shuo 1
Drag lei 3
Negative corner yuyu 2
Get together
Dispute zhi 2
jie2shu4 ends
qi3shi3 starting qi2shi3
liang3ge4 two
ye3xu3 maybe
ke3xi1 pity
lao3shi1 teacher
qian2li4 potential
mo4ran2hui2shou3 looks back suddenly
kao4long3 close up
dan4qing1 light green
guang1hua2 smooth
ji1hu1 almost
mei2you3 no
shuo1dao4 said
yin2se4 silver
yun4 quan1 halo
bao3chi2 keep
jue2jiang4 Stubborn
nu3li4 efforts
can1tian1song3li4 towering towering
qiu2zhi1 QiuZhi mean . twisting branches.
mei2you3 no
shuo1hua4 talking
ru2guo3 if
pu3zhi4 rustic
yan2su4 serious
geng4bu4yong4 not to use
zhang4fu husband
ji1xue3 snow
ping2 tan3 flat
nan2dao4 Is it
yan2su4 serious
jian1qiang2bu4qu1 strong and unyielding
nong2min2 farmers
ping1pang1qiu2 table tennis
lian2xiang3 Lenovo
reng2zai4 is still there
tong2shi2 at the same time
lao2sao1 grumbles
yi4bian1 side
pan2suan4 calculation
ta1men them
qing1chu3 clear
yin1wei4 because
hai2you3 also
ling4yi2ge4 another
geng4wei2hao4han4 is even more
you2ci3 from this
how duo1me
bu3chang2 compensation
quan2li4 power
ti3xian4 embodiment
jing1shen2 spirit
bu4ping2deng3 inequality
fen3zhuang1yu4qi4 powder makeup jade
cheng3yu3 idiom
zheng3heng3 whole
yi2zhen4r for a while
dong1xia4chang2qing1 winter and summer evergreen
tong1yun2tongyun
qing1chen2 early morning
Analysis: Two three sounds together, the first one becomes two sounds
distinguish
dun and dong
(1) Un is a tongue with nasal sound "n", generally called "front nose and tail vowel", with the front part, the mouth should be open.
(2) The ong has a tongue root nasal sound "ng", generally called "post-nasal vowel", the mouth is round, and the mouth is closed
L and n
n is a nasal sound, when it sounds, the sound flows out of the nose and the nasal cavity vibrates ~~~
l is a side sound, when it is pronounced, the nasal cavity is closed, the sound flows out from both sides of the tongue, and the mouth vibrates
Tips: n forward and backward direction, long tone until right
L up and down direction
Such as: Grandma Liu milk milk
Love drinking durian milk
en 和 eng
When en is pronounced, the base of the tongue does not rest on the soft palate, licking the hard palate behind the incisors is anterior nasal sound;
When eng is pronounced, the base of the tongue gently touches the soft palate and uses the nose to pronounce, which is the posterior nasal sound. (Retracted tongue base)
How to distinguish anterior nasal sound (tip of tongue) and posterior nasal sound (tongue root)
Licking the hard palate behind the front teeth hen shen chen
Say all the words of the back nose into the nose, the legendary nasal cavity resonates
Such as: biological mother
Please go to bed
Please be quiet
Come in and respect your mother
Sound
The suffix rolls up your tongue
Such as: children
Pinyin
1. Tone song:
The sound of Gao Gaoping was flat and flat, and the second sound was like going up a hill.
Three downhills and uphills, and four sounds like downhills.
Standard dial code
Call the key, look for mother a, mother a is not looking for oe , iu is listed next. (Aoeiu)
3. The formula of jqx and ü:
Xiaoü Xiaoü was polite, met jqx, and took off his hat to say hello.
Called Yinping? Yangping
The yin character itself is the first sound, and the yang character itself is the second sound. The third and fourth sounds are both flat sounds. The upper character reads three times here, and the de-word itself is the fourth sound. That is, "yin and yang go up" "The four words are one, two, three and four. They are called like this, and the name and tone are unified.
Chinese characters: initials, finals, tones
A Chinese character is a syllable: it consists of initials, finals, and tones, and the initials are consonants at the beginning of the syllable
Consonant
Soft palate in the back, hard palate in the front
One, double lip sound bpm
b: The lips are tightly closed, and the air flow comes out through the mouth to break the lip, but it is not forced to breathe (lightly short) , such as the pronunciation of the word "Boli".
p: The position and method are the same as above, but the air should be sent out as hard as possible.
m: nasal sounds. Close your lips tightly, force your throat, and the air flows through the nasal cavity and through the nostrils.
Second, lip tooth f
When f, the upper incisors lightly touch the edge of the lower lip, and the air flow rubs out between the lips
3. Tongue dtnl
d: The tip of the tongue pressed against the upper gum bed behind the front teeth, and the tip of the tongue was slammed away, the air flow rushed out;
t: The position and method are the same as above, but the airflow must be sent out forcefully.
n: The tip is against the upper gum bed behind the upper incisor, and the airflow passes through the nasal cavity and penetrates through the nostril.
l: The tip of the tongue is against the upper gum bed behind the upper incisor. The throat is strong, and the air flows through both sides of the tongue.
Four, tongue root sound gkh
ɡ: The base of the tongue pressed against the soft palate, and suddenly left, the air flow rushed out, but it was not forced.
k: The position and method are the same as above, but the airflow must be sent out forcefully.
h: The base of the tongue is close to the soft palate, and the air flow rubs out from the middle.
5. Tongue (front) tone
j: The tip of the tongue sags, the front of the tongue swells up, clings to the front of the hard palate, and then relaxes slightly, the air flow rubs out of the narrow slit, but it is not forced to breathe.
q: The position and method are the same as above, but the airflow must be sent out forcefully.
x: The tip of the tongue sags, the front of the tongue swells up, close to the front of the hard palate, and the air flow rubs out from the narrow slit.
Sixth, after the tongue zh ch sh r
zh: The tip of the tongue lifted against the front end of the hard palate (after the upper gum), and then slightly relaxed, the air flow rubs out of the narrow slit, but it is not forced to send air.
ch: The position and method are the same as above, but the airflow should be sent out vigorously.
sh: The tip of the tongue is raised, approaching the front end of the hard palate (after the upper gum), and the air flow rubs out from the narrow slit.
r: The position and method are the same as above, but the vocal force is strong (voiced sound) during pronunciation.
Seven, the front tone of the tongue zcs
z: The tip of the tongue stretched forward, against the back of the upper incisor, and then relaxed slightly, the air flow rubbed out of the narrow slit, but it was not forced to send air.
c: The position and method are the same as above, but the airflow should be sent out forcefully.
s: The tip of the tongue stretched forward, close to the back of the upper incisor, and the air flow rubbed out from the narrow slit; but it was not forced to send air.
Finals
Vowel List = Single Vowel + Complex Vowel + Special Vowel Vowel + Nasal Vowel (Front Nasal Vowel, Rear Nasal Vowel)
a ah o oh e hungry i clothes u house v fish ai love ei eh ui wei ao ou ou even iu oil ie also ve about er and an an en en in because of unquestion vn hao ang ang eng heng ing hard ong yong
==
Single finals: Single finals: a o e i u ü
Recovery mother: ai ei ui ao ou iu ie ve
Special vowel vowel: er
Nasal finals: an en in un vn (front nasal finals) ang eng ing ong (back nasal finals)
tone
If there are two finals (vowels) and the first final (vowel) is i, u, or ü, the tone is marked on the second final (vowel). In other situations, the tones should be marked on the first final (vowel).
Yinping (ˉ), Yangping (ˊ), upper voice (ˇ) de-voicing (ˋ), soft voice (no standard tone)