2 organize your text

2.1 Text and symbols

2.1.1 Words and sentences

• TⅨ traditionally uses the extended ASCI character set, and the newer TX engine uses UTF-8 encoding.
• Within the accepted character set, except for individual special symbols, most characters can be entered directly.

2.1.1.1 From alphabet to words

• There are two types of traditional and modern schemes for entering letters that exceed the ASCI code range.
• First look at the modern plan.

 

• The modern solution uses UTF-8 encoding for direct input.
• Under a typesetting engine like xetex,
  • UTF-8 encoding is native and does not require any extra settings:

 

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2.4 Document class and overall format design

• This section focuses on the code in the introduction area, some global settings of the document, especially the
  content related to layout.

2.4.1 Basic document class and ctex document class

• documentclass is $latex_{2\varepsilon}$The basic format organization.
• File classes are usually designed for documents of a similar format,
  • From "articles" and "books" to a very specialized "doctoral thesis template for a university"
• When a document class is selected, a large set of latex format is selected,
  • Documents can be written under a standardized framework.

 

• Most of this book is based on $latex_{2\varepsilon}$The basic document class and ctex document class narrative.
• The ctex document class is written by the Ctex Chinese community organization $latex_{2\varepsilon}$The Chinese equivalent of the basic document class, which is in $latex_{2\varepsilon}$Written on the basis of basic document classes.
• $latex_{2\varepsilon}$The basic document class and the ctex document class mainly provide the overall framework of the document (\ maketitle, \ section), basic settings (default font size, default Chinese font), basic tools (such as enumerate and other environments), etc.
  • They provide the most basic general document format, but do not restrict the applicability of the document too much.
• Let's introduce the most applicable document classes of these two groups

 

• $latex_{2\varepsilon}$There are three basic document classes:
• article, report和book
  • Write small articles, medium reports, and long books
• The three provided commands are similar, except for the difference
• If the article does not have \ chapter,
• \ mainmatter is only available in the book category
• Many formats of basic document classes are adjustable through options

 

 

• For double-sided printed documents, they are usually bound on the left side of the page. After opening, the odd-numbered pages are generally on the right and the even-numbered pages on the left. The difference is mostly symmetrical settings.
• If the twoside mode is selected, openright can be used to make each \ part and \ chapter appear only on (odd-numbered pages), and the previous insufficient pages are filled with blanks.

 

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2.4.4 Column control and multicol

• Document class plus twocolumn option can make the document double column
• More paper saving, shorter lines save effort when reading
• The book index is double-column typesetting by default, and many journals use double-column typesetting.
  • References, etc. are often divided into columns

 

• You can also use command switching in the text.
• twocolumn enters double column mode, onecolumn single column mode,
  • Both commands will use \ clearage to change pages first, and will not produce a single or double column mix within a page

 

• twocolumn can take an optional parameter,
  • Insert a part of the single column at the top of the newly started double-column page.
• This feature is especially suitable for double-column articles with column titles

 

• In the double-column mode, \ newpage and \ pagebreak only indicate column division, not
  page division . You can use \ clearage and \ cleardoublepage to complete paging or enter double-sided odd-numbered pages

 

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