Chapter One Exercise One

Problem One

1. Judgment

1. Software is a program, and writing software is writing a program (F)
   software = program + data + document
2. The main manifestation of the software crisis is an increase in software demand and a rise in software prices. (F)
3. The main reason for the emergence of software engineering discipline is the emergence of software crisis. (T)
4. Unlike theoretical research in computer science, software engineering is a principled discipline (F)
   software engineering is an engineering discipline

2. Multiple choice questions

1. Among the following options, (D) is not a characteristic of software.
   A. Systematic and replicable B. Reliability and consistency
   C. Abstraction and intelligence D. Visible and controllable
2. The main reason for the software crisis is (D).
   A. The software tools are lagging behind B. The software production capacity is insufficient
   C. The knowledge of the software is not enough D. The characteristics and development methods of the software itself
3. The following statement is correct (B)
   A. The concept of software engineering was proposed in the 1950s B. The concept of software engineering was proposed in the 1960s
   C. The client / server technology appeared in the 1970s D. Software engineering in the 1980s Discipline reaches maturity
4. (C) is a process of applying systematic, standardized, and quantifiable methods to the development, operation, and maintenance of software. It includes methods, tools, and processes
   . A. Software life cycle B. Software testing C. Software Engineering D. Software Process
5. In the following options, (A) does not belong to the basic content of the software engineering discipline to study.
   A. Software engineering materials B. Software engineering objectives C. Software engineering principles D. Software engineering process
6. The three elements of software engineering are (C)
   A. Technology, methods and tools B. Methods, objects and classes C. Methods, tools and processes D. Processes, models and methods
7. The software used to assist activities in the process of software development, operation, maintenance, management, support, etc. is called a software development tool, and is usually also called (D) tool.
   A. CAD B. CAI C. CAM D. CASE

3. Short answer questions

1. Compared with computer hardware, what are the characteristics of computer software?

   • It is impossible to directly observe the physical form of computer software, only to understand its function, characteristics and quality by observing its actual operation.
   • In the process of analyzing, designing, developing, and testing software products, as well as in the management of software development projects, a lot of mental work has penetrated.
   • There is no wear and aging like hardware, but there are problems with defect maintenance and technical updates.
   • The development and operation of software must depend on the specific computer system environment.
   • Reusable.

2. Is software just a program? How to define software?
    After a long time, people have gradually realized that software ≠ program, and program is only the key element of software. The generally accepted view is: software = program + data + documentation.
3. What is a software crisis? What caused the software crisis?
   • The phenomenon of software crisis is as follows:

   1. The funds exceeded the budget and the project was delayed repeatedly.
   2. Ignoring the demand, the software developed cannot meet the user's requirements, and the project success rate is low.
   3. There is no standardized software engineering method, software maintainability is poor, software quality is poor, and reliability is poor.
   4. Development tools are backward and manual, and development efficiency is low.

   • All the causes of the software crisis are related to the product characteristics of the software itself.

   1. Software is a complex logical product. If there is no effective way to solve complex problems, and the structure, quality, and maintainability of software products are not guaranteed, development and maintenance costs will increase.
   2. Software products cannot achieve large-scale reuse, which leads to different production efficiency of hardware and software.
   3. During the software production, the brain activity is invisible and untouchable. The development cost and development cycle cannot be estimated accurately, and the production process is not easy to control.
   4. The cost of software is mainly composed of R & D costs; the production cost of hardware is mainly materials and manufacturing costs, and the allocated R & D costs are very small, that is, the software R & D process is much more complicated than the hardware manufacturing process.

4. Why can the development of software engineering solve the various drawbacks of the software crisis to a certain extent?
    Software engineering is proposed to solve the various drawbacks brought about by the software crisis. Specifically, the goals of software engineering mainly include the following points.

   1. So that the cost of software development can be controlled within the expected reasonable range.
   2. So that the various functions and performance of software products can meet user needs.
   3. Improve the quality of software products.
   4. Improve the reliability of software products.
   5. Make the produced software products easy to transplant, maintain, upgrade and use.
   6. The software product development cycle can be controlled within the expected reasonable time frame.

5. Please briefly describe the content of software engineering research.
    The contents of software engineering research include software development methods, software development models, software support processes and software management processes.

   1. The content of software development methods covers market research, formal project establishment, demand analysis, project planning, summary design, detailed design, programming, testing, trial operation, product release, user training, product replication, sales, implementation, system maintenance, version upgrade, etc. .
   2. Commonly used software development models include waterfall models, iterative models, incremental models, and prototype models.
   3. The software support process consists of the supported CASE tools. Commonly used CASE tools are Power Designer and Rational Rose.

6. Please briefly describe the three elements of software engineering.
7. Please briefly describe the goals, processes and principles of software engineering.
8. Please briefly describe the basic principles of software engineering.
9. Please briefly describe the significant differences and improvements between modern software engineering and traditional engineering.