A brief introduction to the
gyroscope. The gyroscope is a device that is sensitive to angular displacement. The main characteristics are fixed axis and precession. The fixed-axis property is very well understood. The gyro has a momentum moment H during high-speed rotation. When it is not affected by external torque, the rotation axis will maintain the same direction in the inertial space.
Precession is the concept inside a two-degree-of-freedom gyroscope. The outer frame can rotate around the outer frame axis, the inner frame can rotate around the inner frame axis, and the center is the rotating gyro and the rotation axis. Precession refers to such a scene; under the condition that the gyro rotor rolls at high speed, and then causes the momentum moment to roll at the high speed of the gyro rotor, if the force effect is applied to the inner structure, the outer structure will roll in the other direction Then cause the momentum moment H (that is, the direction of the rotation axis) to roll accordingly.
Perhaps another situation t pushes the outer frame hard so that the inner structure rolls around the inner frame axis. Push the outer frame hard so that the inner structure rolls around the axis of the inner frame. Similar to Newton's third law, when the external structure or the internal structure is changed to change the direction of the momentum moment H, the gyroscope will have a counter-effect moment, whose size is opposite to the direction of the external moment. This is also one of the basic characteristics of the gyroscope.
The use of gyroscopes has major effects in both the daily and military fields.
It can be seen from a mobile phone to a satellite. Aircraft attitude control is the main use of gyro's characteristics, which is a performance of fixed axis. The straight gyroscope establishes the vertical datum for the flying machine. The reason is very simple. During the flight of the flying machine, no matter how the posture changes, the straight gyroscope always points in the straight direction, and then provides information about the attitude angle. Of course, because the gyro itself drifts and the environment changes, the correction equipment needs to be calibrated and corrected at any time. In the same way, the horizontal gyroscope indicates the horizontal direction and provides information for the correction of the heading angle of the flying vehicle. A gyro compass is a device that relies on a gyroscope to indicate true north.
It uses the induction effect of the earth's rotation angular velocity and gravitational torque to enable the rotation axis to actively search for true north without relying on the geomagnetic field. Now there has been considerable progress and development. After measuring the acceleration due to gravity, you can calculate the skewed viewpoint of the device relative to the horizontal plane. After analyzing the dynamic acceleration, you can analyze the method of device movement.
