About the cmd command for calling windows and linux by python:

About python calling cmd command:
mainly introduce two ways:

There are two ways to call the CMD command in the os module of Python : os.popen () and os.system () are called with the current process.

os.system cannot get the return value. When the operation is over, proceed to the following program.

Usage: os.system (“ipconfig”)

The execution result of import os
 
os.system ("ipconfig") is
 
as follows:
 
Windows IP configuration
 
 
wireless LAN adapter wireless network connection:
 
   media status ...... : media is disconnected
   with specific DNS suffix.. ...: 
 
Ethernet adapter local connection:
 
   connection specific DNS suffix...: 
   Local link IPv6 address.....: Fe80 :: e1c4: 78dd: 65a8: 7bac% 13
   IPv4 address:....... ..... 192.168.180.102
   Subnet Mask:....... ..... 255.255.255.0
   default gateway.......... ...: 192.168.180.1
OS.popen with return value, how to get the return value.

as follows:

　　p = os.popen(cmd)

print p.read () #The result is a string.

import os
 
d = os.popen ("ipconfig")
print (d.read ())
 
execution results are as follows:
 
Windows IP configuration
 
 
wireless LAN adapter wireless network connection:
 
   media status ... media status ... Disconnected
   specific DNS suffix...: 
 
Ethernet adapter local connection:
 
   connect specific DNS suffix....: 
   Local link IPv6 address..... Fe80: : e1c4: 78dd: 65a8: 7bac% 13
   IPv4 address........: 192.168.180.102
   Subnet mask ....... : 255.255.255.0
   default gateway .........: 192.168.180.1
Both are called with the current process, which means that they are both blocking.
Windows cmd execute multiple commands at once:

import os
# os.system("ipconfig")
p=os.popen('"ipconfig"&"help" ')   #p=os.popen("ipconfig"+" && "+"help")           #重点，1个&和2个&效果一样
print(p.read())

Three ways for python to execute linux commands

import subprocess
import os


def subprocess_():
    """
    subprocess模块执行linux命令
    :return:
    """
    subprocess.call("ls") # 执行ls命令


def system_():
    """
    system模块执行linux命令
    :return:
    """
    # 使用system模块执行linux命令时，如果执行的命令没有返回值res的值是256
    # 如果执行的命令有返回值且成功执行，返回值是0
    res = os.system("ls")


def popen_():
    """
    popen模块执行linux命令。返回值是类文件对象，获取结果要采用read()或者readlines()
    :return:
    """
    val = os.popen('ls').read() # 执行结果包含在val中


def main():
    subprocess_() # 方法1
    system_() # 方法2
    popen_() # 方法3


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Personal understanding:

Python executes the command line, there is not much difference between win and linux, it is basically common, unless the command itself is not consistent