cruel! Xibei has a loan as soon as he cries, and the roadside barbecue shop wants to raise money, and he needs a guarantee from the employees of state-owned enterprises
Source | Xinliu Finance
Author | Xiaohui
Affected by the epidemic, Jia Guolong, founder of Xibei Food & Beverage Group, accepted media interviews to "sorrow" cash flow for only three months, causing concern throughout the network.
A few days later, Xibei received support from the credit departments of seventy or eighty branches and sub-branches of more than 30 domestic banks. These banks all said they could provide financial services to Xibei.
As a well-known chain catering company, Xibei "can cry to have milk", but for small catering companies such as skewers, milk tea shops, etc. that are not famous, have no sense of existence, and have an average daily flow of thousands of dollars In other words, do n’t they have the right to live?
The cruel truth is that they want to make loans, making things more difficult.
At the current node, the economy is declining, and financial risks are soaring. Are there any financial institutions willing to provide loans to such weak small catering companies? What are the risks of financial institutions lending to such enterprises? How to avoid it?
01 If mutual financial institutions dare to lend, how to do risk control?
Ordinary small food and beverage merchants will join Meituan or be hungry? Meituan and Hungry also launched a corresponding loan service for the merchants on their platform-Meituan Business Loan. Hungry is mainly an online merchant loan from an online merchant bank.
However, it is not that the merchants who are stationed in Meituan or Hungry will be able to obtain loans, or that the loan amount obtained on Meituan or Hungry may not meet the operational needs.
As a result, there is room for third-party financial institutions to exert their power.
But why are loans for small catering businesses scarce in the market? The answer is that the risk is too high and risk control is difficult.
For Meituan and hungry platforms, because there are data such as merchant's order volume and transaction pipeline for risk control support, there is a certain basis for lending. So how do other third-party financial institutions want to take a slice of the soup and lend money to small catering merchants?
A channel agent showed Xinli Finance a copy of the "Business Loan (Takeaway Merchant Loan)" input conditions for me to come to Shuike:
1. The legal person age is 22-50 years old; 2. The business license is over 6 months; 3. The US group is registered or hungry for 3 months; 4. The average monthly take-out amount is more than 3000 yuan in the past 3 months; 4.0 or more; 6. Merchants need to have physical stores in mainland China.
Judging from the entry conditions, the threshold for applying for the loan is actually lower. Mr. Deng, who has been engaged in the catering industry for many years, told Xinliu Finance: "The average monthly take-out is 3,000 yuan, which is a very small and unremarkable store in Chengdu."
The risk of lending to such small and micro restaurants is that they cannot determine, verify and track the use of their loans. "The customer is just a store, borrowed money today, and may go to another city tomorrow." For many years, Changhai admitted that many mutual players in the market have launched such loans before, but the overdue is too high, and then gradually withdrew from the market.
The above-mentioned channel agent told Xinliu Finance that at present, the only take-out merchant loans that it is acting for are the products of Shuike and Super Cloud.
Xinliu Finance found that when the merchants applied for the "Business Loan (Takeaway Merchant Loan)" from Shuke, in the registration service agreement, there was no shortage of personal information authorization required to collect the user's education work information, property information, credit information, transaction information, etc.
In addition, for the purposes of risk control and anti-fraud, communication, social, and device information may be collected from users. And based on the provision of related services, it may agree to authorize the provision of relevant information such as provident fund, social security, Jingdong, Taobao, Alipay, etc. by displaying the page to be actively filled by the user.
It is not difficult to find that the collection requirements of borrowers' personal information in the above small and micro-loan products are very similar to the general cash loans. That is to say, in the risk control link, many mutual financial institutions still take small and micro business owners as the main audit object.
However, I came to Shuke to indicate in the agreement that if the user applies for a loan product related to a merchant loan / business loan, according to the product requirements, the user provides information about the merchant. Merchant information includes business licenses and business information of merchants / stores operated by individuals / immediate family members / other partners.
In response to this requirement, Changhai admitted that merchants are extremely easy to falsify, and there are also many intermediaries on the "Jianghu" specializing in helping to defraud loans, helping to pack business licenses and other materials.
Therefore, in the final analysis, the current core risk control for loans to small catering companies is still to individual merchants.
For the risk control of individual merchants, at present, credit is mainly obtained through personal credit information and third-party data. In this mode, the speed of review and loan is fast. However, it is flawed in judging the merchant's actual operating ability and future repayment ability. Therefore, this type of loan is generally not high, and a single loan within 100,000 yuan is relatively common.
Of course, this is the crux of the small and micro financial market for many years, and so many years, it has not improved much.
02 The bank's model is stable but full of "slots"
During the current epidemic, the catering industry is undoubtedly the most traumatized industry. Sibei's cash flow can only last for three months, but for these humble little "Sibei", the epidemic is not over, they may have "disappeared".
We have also noticed that relevant departments continue to issue notices to encourage financial institutions to provide credit loan support to key epidemic prevention and control enterprises and small and micro enterprises that are significantly affected by the epidemic, cancel anti-guarantee requirements, and reduce guarantee and re-guarantee rates, Help enterprises to connect with financial institutions, strive to lend as quickly as possible, do not withdraw loans, do not suppress loans, and keep lending.
Banks are willing to help small catering businesses to overcome difficulties, but the actual process is not as flexible as the risk control of the above mutual gold companies.
A staff member of a central city commercial bank told Xinliu Finance that the bank has always had loans for barbecue shop owners and vegetable market stall owners.
The bank needs to send a customer manager to go offline, go to the customer ’s business site to conduct a field survey, and then return to the bank to analyze the material. Simple customers can be processed in one day. Sometimes the customer manager has more tasks and it takes 3-5 days.
"We need to look at their cash flow, understand the profit of this kebab shop for a day, and then give him an appropriate amount of loans." The staff member admitted that such small merchants have no assets and not too much turnover. No tax is paid, so the process is always cumbersome.
For the merchants under the unified management of the farmer's market or shopping mall, the bank will also cooperate with the mall in a unified way, according to the deposit of the stalls / stores rented by the merchants, and enlarge the loans in proportion. "The management of these shopping malls and farmers' markets will understand the strength of merchants better than we do."
Talking about the risk control process takes a long time, the bank staff said that small catering business owners in small cities in the third and fourth tiers are generally not well-educated, the scale of operations is not large, and it is not easy to obtain credit support from the bank. Of course , The bank is willing to take the time to support them.
The staff of another Eastern Rural Commercial Bank told Xinliu Finance that in the face of this type of small catering enterprises, they mainly lend to individual industrial and commercial households, and generally settle monthly interest rates, and overdue principal (that is, monthly interest repayment, no need to repay Principal, after the due date, the principal is paid off, you can continue to loan), the common period is 3 years.
It is understood that such small businesses are generally customers of local credit unions and the Postal Savings Bank. In practice, merchants with foreign registration usually need to find a local civil servant or public institution / employee of a state-owned enterprise as a guarantee to achieve an increase The purpose of the letter.
For banks, since they can report to the People's Bank for credit, to some extent, they can also restrain the individual's risk of default. However, from the perspective of the above two bank models, everything starts from "stable". Obviously, the process is cumbersome. When the merchants are really in a hurry, the timeliness is extremely difficult to guarantee.
Although many practitioners believe that it is easy to “add icing on the cake” to bank credit, it is difficult to “send charcoal in the snow”. But in the critical period of the current epidemic, more banks and mutual financial institutions dare to make loans, are willing to make loans, and can make loans. These small catering companies may be able to survive the temporary difficult period.
More consumer scenarios can survive, and there is more room for development in the consumer financial market.
Of course, the more critical this moment is, the more it tests the ability of banks and mutual financial institutions to audit risk control of small and micro enterprises in special industries.
