Now it's time to talk about 2020 and beyond the state of software engineering.
In this paper, based on data from GitHub Octoverse, plus I, as a software engineer has decades of experience of experience and observation. Software engineering over the past 20 years to achieve explosive growth, and this trend seems to still remain. According to "Fortune" (Fortune) data show that in 2019 the world's top 15 technology companies total revenue reached a record $ 1.67 trillion, an increase of 2 percent from 2018. Today's software companies than any ever before.
In addition, the existing non-software companies introduced products with more software components, from cars to washing machines, all-encompassing. The future is in the world of software, but not all software is created equal. Identify the software the most promising and fastest growing areas of development, can help you achieve career take off and projects. Investing in a developing field, it can help you more easily find a job and get higher pay, to help you raise funds for the project. Well, gossip less and Syria, cut to the chase.
Programming Development
2019, 10 million new people into the developer GitHub. I suspect most of the new users are from outside the United States, but even so, this is still a huge number. Thank you very much GitHub, can virtually no any problem, to scale to such an extent that I pay tribute to GitHub.
These new developers for the 44 million warehouse from around the world contributed. 80% of the code submitted from outside the United States and regions. Similarly, in countries and regions outside the United States, the technology industry is also developing rapidly, GitHub data also indicate this. Maybe in a few decades, Silicon Valley, there will be more competitors compete for the top spot in the world of software engineering center.
Another point to note, GitHub data does not represent the whole world, but it is a good reflection of the overall trend, because it is the world's largest code hosting provider.
Last year, the global Fortune 50 companies, nearly 70% of the enterprises has contributed to open source. 70% of this figure is enormous, according to GitHub data, this number is growing. Not only that, last year on GitHub 290 Wan organizations, this may sound like a ridiculously large, but as more and more companies will introduce software components into their processes, even though large numbers will then also become commonplace .
Open Source Development
On average, each project on GitHub open source contributors have come from 41 different countries and regions. This shows once again that the growth rate of non-US countries.
Following the United States, the use of open source in China, India and Germany picked up speed. Chinese developers fork (Fork) and cloning projects a 48% increase over last year. I think no one would be surprised the growth of China's software. The question is not whether China will overtake the United States, but rather when surpassing the United States.
If we continents perspective, Asia has been ahead of the United States and Europe. However, to see South America and Africa far behind, just less than a third of the European contribution, this three continents combined population of 1.6 billion, such a situation is sad, some make surprising.
Tip: I once wrote a paper on how to use GitHub correctly software development. In this article, I provide a complete workflow GitHub, while completing some practical work on my android-docker open source project. Meanwhile, I have also provided some useful comments and tips on efficient use of GitHub. If you want to read it, link end of the article.
Top Library
In each of the top 50 programming language open source packages, including JavaScript, Python, Ruby, etc., we are dependent on a large number of projects. For example, although the average direct contributor to less than 40, but the epidemic npm package may be other warehouse millions of dependencies. Top dependencies have Java, Python and JavaScript, which is not surprising. They are currently the top three programming languages, I do not think this situation will soon change.
Popular items
With the open source movement surging, people contribute to open source is also growing. I strongly recommend everyone to contribute to open source projects. This is a great opportunity to enter the open source community and gain valuable experience. In addition, you can also list your contribution to the project and created in the resume, which is a big bonus items.
You can see in the table, one of the largest contributions to the project last year, it is the most useful items. For example, Visual Studio Code is one of the best programming text editor. TensorFlow, React Native and Kubernetes well. They become invaluable tool, people like them and hope to use them to improve their contribution is not surprising.
Top Programming Languages
Now, it is time to analyze the programming language. Not difficult to see, as the main support Web language, JavaScript is still ranked first, this is not shocking. I expect Python will surpass JavaScript at some point, but exactly when, we'll have to wait and see. In fact, in addition to GitHub, Python may have been the first major programming language. As usual, Java par with PHP, C ++.
I was surprised, TypeScript's rapid rise. I predicted that once TypeScript all good characteristics eventually appear in the JavaScript itself, it will be like CoffeeScript and many other things, like being dropped. In contrast, only a few TypeScript properties end up in JavaScript, including private fields / static fields, and an optional link null merger. TypeScript retained its unique characteristics, and continue to be popular in the market. However, I still believe that the use of simple, modern JavaScript will TypeScript simple and clean way to stand out. TypeScript adds a lot of complexity, including tools and dependencies (ie third-party package type definitions), I think this is not worth it. On the other hand, I am not a prophet, so we can only wait and see if it CoffeeScript have the same fate.
Data Science and Machine Learning
2019 is a data science and machine learning year. I fully expect, in almost the entire decade, it will continue in the same track. Massive data analysis and understanding of great value. Especially with the combination of machine learning, the value of the two produced may exceed all other branches of computer science. I want to say is that the only way scientific data and machine learning is relegated to the background of quantum computing breakthrough. Otherwise, invest some time in this most popular branch of computer science is a good idea. Like I always say, if you invest in a technology being developed, you will be able to grow.
Machine learning has applications in all aspects of life. Recommended is a good example of machine learning to predict shopping behavior and provide customized. Virtual personal assistants like Siri and Alexa, automated translation services like Google and Microsoft Teanslate, spam filters, automated customer support, etc., are more and more machine-learning-based.
Cloud, DevOps and security software
The complexity and size of the system is growing. In addition, machine learning, such as a particular task requires unconventional server hardware, such as TPU, namely tensor processing unit (Tensor processing units), which is a custom-designed hardware acceleration for machine learning tasks. This leads to internal business needs a lot of work to accommodate the server and manually maintain them. The most sensible approach to solve this problem is to use DevOps tools to automate server deployment and maintenance. These servers will be migrated to the cloud computing vendor is reasonable, so you do not look at the other bare-metal servers.
With increasing demand for cloud hosting and DevOps of these skills in the market, more and more popular. If you have a desire to teach and network hardware work, then try cloud service providers and DevOps tools, it is a good investment. Most cloud service providers offer generous packages for free, so you can create a free account with Google Cloud, Amazon Web Services, Azure or any other cloud service providers to small, and immediately began to experiment and learn.
Obviously, all the data you have moved to the cloud, create significant security risks. This increases the cloud or any person engaged in DevOps need for safety awareness. In addition, it also increases the need for special software and network security engineers. Invest the time to understand the security implications of the cloud and DevOps crucial decisions. If you're going to job interviews or any DevOps infrastructure, you should be a strong emphasis on safety.
to sum up
When Sheng strong as the development of software steed, thousands of miles a day and relaxation. It is integrated into all other industry sectors. Since software is an evolving field, then learn to improve their programming and software engineering skills, there will be great rewards in the future. In addition, we identify the fastest growing areas of software development and time into it, allows you to get better development. Continuous learning, trying to find opportunities to all available or can be software growing field, find the product may be niche services, when this niche into the mainstream, you can eventually be a successful product lies in your hands, this could be your future success. If it fails, it would be the way of product experts a great experience.