os sys json pickle logging module

os module

effect

Interact with the operating system, control files / folders

File operation

To determine whether the file

res=os.path.isfile(r'D:\上海python12期视频\python12期视频\day 16\00 上节课回顾.md')
print(res)

Delete Files

os.remove(r'D:\上海python12期视频\python12期视频\day 16\00 上节课回顾.md')

Rename the file

os.rename(r'',r'')

Folder operations

Determine whether the folder

os.path.isdir()

Create a folder

os.mkdir(r'D:\上海python12期视频\python12期视频\test')

Delete the folder

os.rmdir(r'D:\上海python12期视频\python12期视频\test')

List Folder All files

res=os.listdir(r'D:\上海python12期视频\python12期视频\day 16')
print(res)

Helper

Where the files in the current folder

res=os.getcwd()
print(res)

The current path of the file where the specific

#__file__ 是pycharm都有的
print(__file__)
res=os.path.abspath(__file__)#根据不同的操作系统，更换不同的/或\
print(res)

File folders

res=os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
print(res)

Splicing file path

res=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)),'test.py')
print(res)

Road King to determine whether there is (files and folders that are applicable)

res=os.path.exists(r'D:\上海python12期视频\python12期视频\day 16\01 os模块.py')
print(res)

Code execution terminal

res=os.system('dir')
print(res)

sys module

effect

Interact with the python interpreter

The most commonly used when using the command line to run the file and accept the extra parameters

res=sys.argv
print(res)

Modules currently get Imported

print(sys.modules.keys())

To understanding

print(sys.api_version)#解释器的C的API版本
print(sys.copyright)#记录python版权相关的东西
print(sys.version)#获取Python解释程序的版本信息
print(sys.hexversion)#获取Python解释程序的版本值，16进制格式如：0x020403F0

json module and pickle module

effect

json module: cross-platform data exchange, json string

The pickle module: Do not cross-platform, is on the python all data types, such as the collection, use and as json

json

Serialization: a specific collation (JSON strings - the cross-platform interaction ", the transmission data)

Deserialization: specific rules json string into the python / Java / C / PHP required data type

import json
dic=[1,(1,2)]
res=json.dumps(dic)
print(json.dumps(dic))

res=json.loads(res)

import json
def dic():
    print('func')
#序列化
with open('test.json','w',encoding='utf-8') as fw:
    json.dump(dic,fw)
# 反序列化
with open('test.json','r',encoding='utf-8') as fr:
    data=json.load(fr)
    print(data)

pickle

def func():  # 针对地址而言,只存了一个函数名
    print('func')
with open('test.pkl','wb') as fw:
    pickle.dump(func,fw)
with open('test.pkl', 'rb') as fr:
    data = pickle.load(fr)
    print(type(data), data)
    data()  # func()

logging module

v1

#日志级别(如果不设置,默认显示30以上)
#v1
logging.info('info')  # 10
logging.debug('debug')  # 20
logging.warning('wraning')  # 30
logging.error('error')  # 40
logging.critical('critical')  # 50

v2

# v2 --> 添加设置

logging.basicConfig(filename='20190927.log',
                    format='%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s -%(module)s: %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',
                    level=10)

username = 'nick'
goods = 'bianxingjingang'
logging.info(f'{username}购物{goods}成功')  # 10

v3

# 1. 配置logger对象
nick_logger = logging.Logger('nick')
json_logger = logging.Logger('jason')

# 2. 配置格式
formmater1 = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s -%(thread)d - %(levelname)s -%(module)s:  %(message)s',
                               datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p ', )

formmater2 = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s :  %(message)s',
                               datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p', )

formmater3 = logging.Formatter('%(name)s %(message)s', )

# 3. 配置handler --> 往文件打印or往终端打印
h1 = logging.FileHandler('nick.log')
h2 = logging.FileHandler('json.log')
sm = logging.StreamHandler()

# 4. 给handler配置格式
h1.setFormatter(formmater1)
h2.setFormatter(formmater2)
sm.setFormatter(formmater3)

# 5. 把handler绑定给logger对象
nick_logger.addHandler(h1)
nick_logger.addHandler(sm)
json_logger.addHandler(h2)

# 6. 直接使用
nick_logger.info(f'nick 购买 变形金刚 4个')
# json_logger.info(f'json 购买 变形金刚 10个')

cv Dafa

import os
import logging.config

# 定义三种日志输出格式 开始
standard_format = '[%(asctime)s][%(threadName)s:%(thread)d][task_id:%(name)s][%(filename)s:%(lineno)d]' \
                  '[%(levelname)s][%(message)s]'  # 其中name为getLogger()指定的名字；lineno为调用日志输出函数的语句所在的代码行
simple_format = '[%(levelname)s][%(asctime)s][%(filename)s:%(lineno)d]%(message)s'
id_simple_format = '[%(levelname)s][%(asctime)s] %(message)s'
# 定义日志输出格式 结束

logfile_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))  # log文件的目录，需要自定义文件路径 # atm
logfile_dir = os.path.join(logfile_dir, 'log')  # C:\Users\oldboy\Desktop\atm\log

logfile_name = 'log.log'  # log文件名，需要自定义路径名

# 如果不存在定义的日志目录就创建一个
if not os.path.isdir(logfile_dir):  # C:\Users\oldboy\Desktop\atm\log
    os.mkdir(logfile_dir)

# log文件的全路径
logfile_path = os.path.join(logfile_dir, logfile_name)  # C:\Users\oldboy\Desktop\atm\log\log.log
# 定义日志路径 结束

# log配置字典
LOGGING_DIC = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    'formatters': {
        'standard': {
            'format': standard_format
        },
        'simple': {
            'format': simple_format
        },
    },
    'filters': {},  # filter可以不定义
    'handlers': {
        # 打印到终端的日志
        'console': {
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',  # 打印到屏幕
            'formatter': 'simple'
        },
        # 打印到文件的日志,收集info及以上的日志
        'default': {
            'level': 'INFO',
            'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',  # 保存到文件
            'formatter': 'standard',
            'filename': logfile_path,  # 日志文件
            'maxBytes': 1024 * 1024 * 5,  # 日志大小 5M  (*****)
            'backupCount': 5,
            'encoding': 'utf-8',  # 日志文件的编码，再也不用担心中文log乱码了
        },
    },
    'loggers': {
        # logging.getLogger(__name__)拿到的logger配置。如果''设置为固定值logger1，则下次导入必须设置成logging.getLogger('logger1')
        '': {
            # 这里把上面定义的两个handler都加上，即log数据既写入文件又打印到屏幕
            'handlers': ['default', 'console'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': False,  # 向上（更高level的logger）传递
        },
    },
}



def load_my_logging_cfg():
    logging.config.dictConfig(LOGGING_DIC)  # 导入上面定义的logging配置
    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)  # 生成一个log实例
    logger.info('It works!')  # 记录该文件的运行状态
    
    return logger


if __name__ == '__main__':
    load_my_logging_cfg()

import time
import logging
import my_logging  # 导入自定义的logging配置

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)  # 生成logger实例


def demo():
    logger.debug("start range... time:{}".format(time.time()))
    logger.info("中文测试开始。。。")
    for i in range(10):
        logger.debug("i:{}".format(i))
        time.sleep(0.2)
    else:
        logger.debug("over range... time:{}".format(time.time()))
    logger.info("中文测试结束。。。")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    my_logging.load_my_logging_cfg()  # 在你程序文件的入口加载自定义logging配置
    demo()

from settings import load_my_logging_cfg

user_logger = load_my_logging_cfg()
user_logger.info('用户死了')