First, the long form consists of seven parts
Digital rights owner belongs reference group name File size Time
如 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Mar21:09:05 boot
1. In Permissions: Permissions have 11 last (points) are not analyzed.
Item 1: file types - ordinary file, d directory, I soft connection file.
Item 2-4: file owner u (user), r read, w write, x executed.
Item 5-7: rights group belongs to g (group).
Item 8-10: other people permission o (other).
2、
