学术论文写作 | (6) SCI写作常用句式总结

原文地址

很多人可能像我一样，英文水平捉襟见肘，在写论文的时候十分恼火，通篇采用"We have proposed xxx", “XX is important”, "We can use xxx to handle xxx"这类句式，论文的档次一下子就没了。地道的英语多被动，句式喜多变，多掌握一些常用句式能够很好地提升paper的可读性，顺便还能提升自己的英文水平。

以下内容主要转载自 Academic Phrasebank（可以自行百度下载完整版 Academic Phrasebank有所筛选。

Introduction写作指南

1. 陈述研究背景，以及本篇论文的研究价值、意义
2. 指出该领域存在的问题，争议
3. 确定本篇论文聚焦的主题或关键词
4. 对该领域之前工作作一个的概览和回顾
5. 简要介绍本篇论文的工作和创新点

强调研究主题的重要性：

• 显式重要型

1. X is fundamental to …
2. X has a pivotal role in …
3. X is frequently prescribed for …(X通常用于…)
4. X is fast becoming a key instrument in …(X正在迅速成为…中的关键工具)
5. X plays a vital role in the metabolism of …(X在…的代谢中起着至关重要的作用)
6. X plays a critical role in the maintenance of …(X在维护…方面起着至关重要的作用。)
7. X is essential for a wide range of technologies.(X对于广泛的技术至关重要。)
8. X can play an important role in addressing the issue of …
9. There is evidence that X plays a crucial role in xxx …(有证据表明X在xxx中起着至关重要的作用…)

• 隐式重要性

1. The issue of X has received considerable critical attention.（X的问题已受到相当多的关注。）
2. The past decade has seen the rapid development of X in many …（在过去的十年中，X在许多领域得到了快速发展。）
3. X is a common condition which has considerable impact on …
4. Since it was reported/proposed in 2002, X has been attracting a lot of interest.（自从2002年被报道/提出以来，X引起了人们的极大兴趣。）
5. Recently, a considerable literature has grown up around the theme of …（最近，以…为主题的大量文学不断涌现。）
6. Evidence suggests that X is among the most important factors for …（有证据表明，X是影响…的最重要因素。）
7. In the history of xxx, X has been thought of as a key factor in …（在xxx的历史中，X被认为是…中的关键因素。）

强调这个领域研究者和相关工作较少：

1. XXX had been a largely under explored domain（under 表否定、下等，XXX在很大程度上尚未被开发）
2. too little work has been devoted to (对…投入的工作太少)

强调当前研究中存在的困难：

1. One of the main obstacles …(主要障碍之一…)
2. One of the greatest challenges …
3. A key issue is the safe disposal of …(一个关键问题是如何安全处置…)
4. The main disadvantage of X is that …
5. X is associated with increased risk of …(X与…风险增加相关)
6. It is now well established that X can impair …(现在已经确定X可以削弱/损害…)
7. X is one of the most frequently stated problems with …（X是关于…的最常见问题之一）
8. The main challenge faced by many experiments is the …（许多实验面临的主要挑战是…）
9. Lack of X has existed as a xxx problem for many years.（多年来，X的缺乏一直是xxx问题。）
10. X is a major public problem, and the main cause of … （X是一个主要的公共问题，并且是…的主要原因）
11. Despite its long success, X has a number of problems in use.（尽管取得了长足的成功，但X在使用中仍然存在许多问题。）
12. There is an urgent need to address the (safety) problems caused by …(迫切需要解决由…引起的(安全)问题。)
13. Despite its safety and efficacy, X suffers from several major drawbacks:(尽管具有安全性和有效性，但X仍具有几个主要缺点：)

• 强调研究中存在的困难还可以用如下说法(注意加一些转折副词, however, nevertheless…)：

1. X may cause …
2. X is limited by …
3. X suffers from …(X有…问题)
4. X is too expensive to be used for …（X用于…代价很高）
5. X has accentuated the problem of …（X加剧了…的问题）
6. the performance of X is limited by …
7. X could be a contributing factor to …（X可能是导致…的因素）
8. the synthesis of X remains a major challenge.（X的合成仍然是一个重大挑战。）
9. research has consistently shown that X lacks …（研究一直表明X缺乏…）
10. a major problem with this kind of application/method is …
11. the determination of X is technically challenging.(X的确定在技术上具有挑战性。)
12. current methods of X have proven to be unreliable.(X的当前方法已被证明是不可靠的。)
13. these rapid changes are having a serious effect on …(这些迅速的变化正在严重影响…)
14. X can be adversely affected under certain conditions.(X在某些情况下可能受到不利影响。)

文献概述常用句式

1. Recent evidence suggests that …

2. Previous studies have reported …

3. Several studies have documented …

4. Studies of X show the importance of …

5. Several attempts have been made to …

6. A number of researchers have reported …

7. Previous research comparing X and Y has found …

8. Existing research recognizes the critical role
   played by …（现有研究认识到…的关键作用）

9. Recently investigators have examined the effects of X on Y.(最近，研究人员检查了X对Y的影响。)

10. Surveys such as that conducted by Smith (1988) showed that .

11. Factors found to be influencing X have been explored in several studies.(在几项研究中已经探索出发现影响X的因素。)

12. Studies over the past two decades have provided important information on …(过去二十年的研究提供了有关…的重要信息。)

13. A considerable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies …

14. In the past two decades, a number of researchers have sought to determine …(在过去的二十年中，许多研究人员试图确定…)

15. There have been a number of longitudinal studies involving X that have reported …(有很多涉及X的纵向研究报告了…)

16. It has been + ()型:(小伙伴们最喜欢的It is xxx that句式来了，初中英语必备^_)
    noted/argued/shown/reported/assumed/suggested/established/demonstrated/conclusively shown that…

强调研究的价值和意义：

1. This research sheds new light on …
2. This study provides new insights into …
3. The study offers some important insights into …
4. The present study fills a gap in the literature by …（本研究填补了文献中的空白通过…）
5. Understanding the link between X and Y will help …
6. The present research explores, for the first time, the effects of …(本研究首次探索了…的影响)
7. The findings should make an important contribution to the field of …
8. This study provides an exciting opportunity to advance our knowledge of …(这项研究提供了令人兴奋的机会，可以增进我们对…的了解。)
9. This study aims to contribute to this growing area of research by exploring …(本研究旨在通过探索…来为这一不断发展的研究领域做出贡献。)
10. Therefore, this study makes a major contribution to research on X by demonstrating … (因此，该研究通过证明…对X的研究做出了重大贡献。)

概括本篇论文的结构(一般在Introduction最后)：

1. The first section of this paper will examine…(本文的第一部分将研究…)
2. My thesis is composed of four themed chapters.(我的论文由四个主题章节组成。)
3. The essay has been organised in the following way.(文章的组织方式如下。)
4. The remaining part of the paper proceeds as follows: …(本文的其余部分组织如下：)
5. The main issues addressed in this paper are: a), b and c).
6. This paper has been divided into four parts. The first part deals with …
7. The contributions of this paper can be summarized as follows:
8. The overall structure of the study takes the form of six chapters, including this introductory chapter. Chapter Two begins by laying out the theoretical dimensions of the research, and looks at how … The third chapter is concerned with the methodology used for this study.The fourth section presents the findings of the research, focusing on the three key themes that … Chapter 6 analyses the results of interviews and focus group discussions undertaken during …（本研究的总体结构为六章形式，包括本介绍性章节。 第二章从阐述研究的理论维度开始，并着眼于…第三章与研究方法有关。第四节介绍研究结果，重点介绍三个主要主题。 …第6章分析了在…期间进行的访谈结果主要以小组讨论的形式进行。）