吴裕雄--python学习笔记：BeautifulSoup模块

import re
import requests

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

req_obj = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com')
soup = BeautifulSoup(req_obj.text,'lxml')

'''标签查找'''
print(soup.title)              #只是查找出第一个
print(soup.find('title'))      #效果和上面一样
print(soup.find_all('div'))    #查出所有的div标签

<title>ç¾åº¦ä¸ä¸ï¼ä½ å°±ç¥é</title>
<title>ç¾åº¦ä¸ä¸ï¼ä½ å°±ç¥é</title>
[<div id="wrapper"> <div id="head"> <div class="head_wrapper"> <div class="s_form"> <div class="s_form_wrapper"> <div id="lg"> <img height="129" hidefocus="true" src="//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png" width="270"/> </div> <form action="//www.baidu.com/s" class="fm" id="form" name="f"> <input name="bdorz_come" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="ie" type="hidden" value="utf-8"/> <input name="f" type="hidden" value="8"/> <input name="rsv_bp" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="rsv_idx" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="tn" type="hidden" value="baidu"/><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><in

'''获取标签里的属性'''
tag = soup.div
print(tag)
# print(tag['class'])   #多属性的话，会返回一个列表
print(tag['id'])      #查找标签的id属性
print(tag.attrs)      #查找标签所有的属性，返回一个字典（属性名：属性值）

<div id="wrapper"> <div id="head"> <div class="head_wrapper"> <div class="s_form"> <div class="s_form_wrapper"> <div id="lg"> <img height="129" hidefocus="true" src="//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png" width="270"/> </div> <form action="//www.baidu.com/s" class="fm" id="form" name="f"> <input name="bdorz_come" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="ie" type="hidden" value="utf-8"/> <input name="f" type="hidden" value="8"/> <input name="rsv_bp" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="rsv_idx" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="tn" type="hidden" value="baidu"/>

'''标签包的字符串'''
tag = soup.title
print(tag.string)                 #获取标签里的字符串
print(tag.string.replace_with("哈哈"))    #字符串不能直接编辑，可以替换

'''子节点的操作'''
tag = soup.head
print(tag.title)     #获取head标签后再获取它包含的子标签

<title>哈哈</title>

'''contents 和 .children'''
tag = soup.body
print(tag.contents)        #将标签的子节点以列表返回
print([child for child in tag.children])      #输出和上面一样

[' ', <div id="wrapper"> <div id="head"> <div class="head_wrapper"> <div class="s_form"> <div class="s_form_wrapper"> <div id="lg"> <img height="129" hidefocus="true" src="//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png" width="270"/> </div> <form action="//www.baidu.com/s" class="fm" id="form" name="f"> <input name="bdorz_come" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="ie" type="hidden" value="utf-8"/> <input name="f" type="hidden" value="8"/> <input name="rsv_bp" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="rsv_idx" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="tn" type="hidden" value="baidu"/>

'''descendants'''
tag = soup.body
[print(child_tag) for child_tag in tag.descendants]    #获取所有子节点和子子节点

<div id="wrapper"> <div id="head"> <div class="head_wrapper"> <div class="s_form"> <div class="s_form_wrapper"> <div id="lg"> <img height="129" hidefocus="true" src="//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png" width="270"/> </div> <form action="//www.baidu.com/s" class="fm" id="form" name="f"> <input name="bdorz_come" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="ie" type="hidden" value="utf-8"/> <input name="f" type="hidden" value="8"/> <input name="rsv_bp" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="rsv_idx" type="hidden" value="1"/> <input name="tn" type="hidden" value="baidu"/>

'''strings和.stripped_strings'''
tag = soup.body
[print(str) for str in tag.strings]             #输出所有所有文本内容
[print(str) for str in tag.stripped_strings]    #输出所有所有文本内容，去除空格或空行

'''.parent和.parents'''
tag = soup.title
print(tag.parent)   #输出便签的父标签

<head><meta content="text/html;charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type"/><meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta content="always" name="referrer"/><link href="https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><title>哈哈</title></head>

[print(parent) for parent in tag.parents]  #输出所有的父标签

<head><meta content="text/html;charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type"/><meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"/><meta content="always" name="referrer"/><link href="https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><title>哈哈</title></head>

'''.next_siblings 和 .previous_siblings
    查出所有的兄弟节点
'''

'''.next_element 和 .previous_element
    下一个兄弟节点
'''

'''find_all的keyword 参数'''
soup.find_all(id='link2')                   #查找所有包含 id 属性的标签
soup.find_all(href=re.compile("elsie"))     #href 参数,Beautiful Soup会搜索每个标签的href属性:
soup.find_all(id=True)                       #找出所有的有id属性的标签
soup.find_all(href=re.compile("elsie"), id='link1')         #也可以组合查找
soup.find_all(attrs={"属性名": "属性值"})  #也可以通过字典的方式查找

吴裕雄--python学习笔记：BeautifulSoup模块

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