java集合: ArrayList源码浅析

ArrayList 是一个动态数组,线程不安全 ,允许元素为null。

ArrayList的数据结构是数组,查询比较方便。

ArrayList类的接口

public class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
        implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable{

RandomAccess:RandmoAccess是一个标记接口,用于被List相关类实现。他主要的作用表明这个相关类支持快速随机访问。在ArrayList中,我们即可以通过元素的序号快速获取元素对象——这就是快速随机访问。除了List的“快速随机访问”,还可以“通过Iterator迭代器访问”。
Cloneable:实现该接口的类可以对该类的实例进行克隆(按字段进行复制)。
Serializable:ArrayList支持序列化,能通过序列化去传输。

构造方法

ArrayList(),初始化的时候,先分配一个空数组。添加一个元素时,容量就会扩展到DEFAULT_CAPACITY,也就是10。

   /**
     * Constructs an empty list with an initial capacity of ten.
     */
    public ArrayList() {
        this.elementData = DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
    }
    
    
        /**
     * Shared empty array instance used for default sized empty instances. We
     * distinguish this from EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA to know how much to inflate when
     * first element is added.
     */
    private static final Object[] DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};

    
        /**
     * The array buffer into which the elements of the ArrayList are stored.
     * The capacity of the ArrayList is the length of this array buffer. Any
     * empty ArrayList with elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
     * will be expanded to DEFAULT_CAPACITY when the first element is added.
     *
     * 初始化的时候,分配一个空数组。添加一个元素时,容量就会扩展到DEFAULT_CAPACITY,也就是10。
     * 关键字transient表示属性不会被序列化。
     */
    transient Object[] elementData; // non-private to simplify nested class access
    
    
        /**
     * Default initial capacity.
* 默认容量为10
*/ private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;

往ArrayList中添加数据的方法add() 如下:

  /**
     * Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
     *
     * @param e element to be appended to this list
     * @return <tt>true</tt> (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
     */
    public boolean add(E e) {
// 扩容 ensureCapacityInternal(size
+ 1); // Increments modCount!! elementData[size++] = e; return true; }

扩容时,ensureCapacityInternal()方法内部调用的是grow()方法。

数组扩容。如果插入数据时容量不够,就将容量扩大为1.5倍。
扩容的过程就是数组拷贝 Arrays.copyOf的过程,每一次扩容就会开辟一块新的内存空间和数据的复制移动
 grow()方法 如下所示:

  /**
     * Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the
     * number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
     *
     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
     */
    private void grow(int minCapacity) {
        // overflow-conscious code
        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
// 左移一位表示原来的0.5倍,以下是将容量扩大为1.5倍
int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1); if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0) newCapacity = minCapacity; if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0) newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity); // minCapacity is usually close to size, so this is a win:
// 复制数组 elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity); }

get(int index)方法很简单,就是检查一下小心数组越界,然后根据下标返回数组元素

    /**
     * Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
     *
     * @param  index index of the element to return
     * @return the element at the specified position in this list
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public E get(int index) {
        rangeCheck(index);

        return elementData(index);
    }    

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    E elementData(int index) {
        return (E) elementData[index];
    }

参考博客 :

https://www.jianshu.com/p/02f8696bf4cf

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/expiator/p/10072138.html