IntelliJ IDEA搭建SpringBoot应用

　　Spring Boot是由Pivotal团队提供的全新框架，其设计目的是用来简化新Spring应用的初始搭建以及开发过程。该框架使用了特定的方式来进行配置，从而使开发人员不再需要定义样板化的配置。通过这种方式，Boot致力于在蓬勃发展的快速应用开发领域（rapid application development）成为领导者。

使用spring boot有什么好处

其实就是简单、快速、方便！平时如果我们需要搭建一个spring web项目的时候需要怎么做呢？
1）配置web.xml，加载spring和spring mvc
2）配置数据库连接、配置spring事务
3）配置加载配置文件的读取，开启注解
4）配置日志文件
...
配置完成之后部署tomcat 调试
...
现在非常流行微服务，如果我这个项目仅仅只是需要发送一个邮件，如果我的项目仅仅是生产一个积分；我都需要这样折腾一遍!
但是如果使用spring boot呢？
很简单，我仅仅只需要非常少的几个配置就可以迅速方便的搭建起来一套web项目或者是构建一个微服务！

1.创建一个新项目(Create New Project)

选择 Spring Initializr，Project SDK 选择 1.8，URL 填写默认的，点击 Next

2.继续项目配置

Name：项目名称
Type：我们是Maven构建的，那么选择第一个Maven Project
Packaging：打包类型，打包成Jar文件
Java Version：jdk版本，选择1.8
Language：开发语言，选择Java
Group：对应pom文件中的groupId，项目组织的唯一标识，对应Java包的结构
Artifact：对应pom文件的artifactId，项目唯一标识，对应项目名称
Version：项目版本，对应pom文件的version
Description：项目描述，对应pom文件的description
Package：包名

3.Spring Boot 版本选择，我这里选择了1.5.2，只要勾选Web下的web就可以了，然后Next

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4.填写项目名称，项目存放的目录，点击 Finish

5.可以将下面这三个无关的文件删除，干净结构

6.最后的项目结构

这里看一下自动生成的pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

7.新建一个Controller进行测试

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
    public String hello() {
        return "hello,Spring Boot";
    }
}

@RestController的意思就是controller里面的方法都以json格式输出，不用再写什么jackjson配置的了！

整个项目的启动类就是上面的DemoApplication

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

8.启动成功信息，端口8080

 .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.5.3.RELEASE)

2017-04-24 01:29:17.293  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.DemoApplication              : Starting DemoApplication on DESKTOP-4U9C0CH with PID 19480 (D:\IdeaProjects\test\demo\target\classes started by winner_0715 in D:\IdeaProjects\test\demo)
2017-04-24 01:29:17.295  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.DemoApplication              : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-04-24 01:29:17.432  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@1f5f2168: startup date [Mon Apr 24 01:29:17 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-04-24 01:29:21.450  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-04-24 01:29:21.493  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2017-04-24 01:29:21.495  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.14
2017-04-24 01:29:21.820  INFO 19480 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-04-24 01:29:21.820  INFO 19480 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 4396 ms
2017-04-24 01:29:22.136  INFO 19480 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2017-04-24 01:29:22.149  INFO 19480 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2017-04-24 01:29:22.150  INFO 19480 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2017-04-24 01:29:22.150  INFO 19480 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
2017-04-24 01:29:22.151  INFO 19480 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
2017-04-24 01:29:22.642  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@1f5f2168: startup date [Mon Apr 24 01:29:17 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-04-24 01:29:22.785  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/index]}" onto public java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String> com.example.test.IndexController.test(java.lang.String)
2017-04-24 01:29:22.791  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2017-04-24 01:29:22.792  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2017-04-24 01:29:22.896  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-04-24 01:29:22.896  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-04-24 01:29:22.963  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-04-24 01:29:23.250  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.d.a.OptionalLiveReloadServer       : LiveReload server is running on port 35729
2017-04-24 01:29:23.351  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-04-24 01:29:23.492  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-04-24 01:29:23.507  INFO 19480 --- [  restartedMain] com.example.DemoApplication              : Started DemoApplication in 6.736 seconds (JVM running for 7.717)

9.到浏览器中输入 http://localhost:8080/hello

上面讲的打包方式是jar，试了一下war的打包方式，生成的目录结构是这样的

IntelliJ IDEA搭建SpringBoot应用

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