1、通过快捷键Ctrl + Alt + T打开终端命令操作窗口，输入：sudo nautilus，然后根据提示输入密码，输入完毕可能会出现些警告信息，不用管。
nautilus这个命令是用于以root权限打开文件管理窗口。
2、在这个界面中通过“计算机”进入pycharm.sh所在文件夹。一般在安装包的bin文件夹中。
3、在文件pycharm.sh中添加红色字样内容（根据自己实际pycharm.sh文件内容适当添加）
[pxgeng@localhost bin]$ vi pycharm.sh
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ -n "$PYCHARM_PROPERTIES" ]; then
IDE_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY="-Didea.properties.file=\"$PYCHARM_PROPERTIES\""
fi
MAIN_CLASS_NAME="$PYCHARM_MAIN_CLASS_NAME"
if [ -z "$MAIN_CLASS_NAME" ]; then
MAIN_CLASS_NAME="com.intellij.idea.Main"
fi
VM_OPTIONS_FILE="$PYCHARM_VM_OPTIONS"
if [ -z "$VM_OPTIONS_FILE" ]; then
VM_OPTIONS_FILE="$IDE_BIN_HOME/pycharm$BITS.vmoptions"
fi
if [ -r "$VM_OPTIONS_FILE" ]; then
VM_OPTIONS=`"$CAT" "$VM_OPTIONS_FILE" | "$GREP" -v "^#.*" | "$TR" '\n' ' '`
VM_OPTIONS="$VM_OPTIONS -Djb.vmOptionsFile=\"$VM_OPTIONS_FILE\""
fi
IS_EAP="false"
if [ "$IS_EAP" = "true" ]; then
OS_NAME=`echo $OS_TYPE | "$TR" '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'`
AGENT_LIB="yjpagent-$OS_NAME$BITS"
if [ -r "$IDE_BIN_HOME/lib$AGENT_LIB.so" ]; then
AGENT="-agentlib:$AGENT_LIB=disablej2ee,disablealloc,delay=10000,sessionname=PyCharm30"
fi
fi
COMMON_JVM_ARGS="\"-Xbootclasspath/a:$IDE_HOME/lib/boot.jar\" -Didea.paths.selector=PyCharm30 $IDE_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY"
IDE_JVM_ARGS="-Didea.platform.prefix=Python -Didea.no.jre.check=true"
ALL_JVM_ARGS="$VM_OPTIONS $COMMON_JVM_ARGS $IDE_JVM_ARGS $AGENT $REQUIRED_JVM_ARGS"
CLASSPATH="$IDE_HOME/lib/bootstrap.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/extensions.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/util.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/jdom.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/log4j.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/trove4j.jar"
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$IDE_HOME/lib/jna.jar"
if [ -n "$PYCHARM_CLASSPATH" ]; then
CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$PYCHARM_CLASSPATH"
fi
export CLASSPATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$IDE_BIN_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Run the IDE.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
IFS="$(printf '\n\t')"
LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$IDE_BIN_HOME:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" "$JAVA_BIN" \
${AGENT} \
"-Xbootclasspath/a:$IDE_HOME/lib/boot.jar" \
-classpath "$CLASSPATH" \
${VM_OPTIONS} \
"-XX:ErrorFile=$HOME/java_error_in_PYCHARM_%p.log" \
"-XX:HeapDumpPath=$HOME/java_error_in_PYCHARM.hprof" \
-Didea.paths.selector=PyCharm2017.1 \
"-Djb.vmOptionsFile=$VM_OPTIONS_FILE" \
${IDE_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY} \
-Didea.platform.prefix=Python \
com.intellij.idea.Main \
"$@"