命令mongo 可以与数据库建立连接并操作数据库。
${MongoDB_HOME}/bin目录下执行：
./mongo --help
MongoDB shell version v3.4.0
usage: ./mongo [options] [db address] [file names (ending in .js)]
db address can be:
foo foo database on local machine
192.168.0.5/foo foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine
192.168.0.5:9999/foo foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine on port 9999
Options:
--shell run the shell after executing files
--nodb don't connect to mongod on startup - no
'db address' arg expected
--norc will not run the ".mongorc.js" file on
start up
--quiet be less chatty
--port arg port to connect to
--host arg server to connect to
--eval arg evaluate javascript
-h [ --help ] show this usage information
--version show version information
--verbose increase verbosity
--ipv6 enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)
--disableJavaScriptJIT disable the Javascript Just In Time
compiler
--disableJavaScriptProtection allow automatic JavaScript function
marshalling
--ssl use SSL for all connections
--sslCAFile arg Certificate Authority file for SSL
--sslPEMKeyFile arg PEM certificate/key file for SSL
--sslPEMKeyPassword arg password for key in PEM file for SSL
--sslCRLFile arg Certificate Revocation List file for SSL
--sslAllowInvalidHostnames allow connections to servers with
non-matching hostnames
--sslAllowInvalidCertificates allow connections to servers with invalid
certificates
--sslFIPSMode activate FIPS 140-2 mode at startup
--networkMessageCompressors arg Comma-separated list of compressors to
use for network messages
--jsHeapLimitMB arg set the js scope's heap size limit
Authentication Options:
-u [ --username ] arg username for authentication
-p [ --password ] arg password for authentication
--authenticationDatabase arg user source (defaults to dbname)
--authenticationMechanism arg authentication mechanism
--gssapiServiceName arg (=mongodb) Service name to use when authenticating
using GSSAPI/Kerberos
--gssapiHostName arg Remote host name to use for purpose of
GSSAPI/Kerberos authentication
file names: a list of files to run. files have to end in .js and will exit after unless
--shell is specified
简单示例：
./mongo 127.0.0.1:27017/local
连接本机端口27017上的mongdb数据库，并打开local数据库。
./mongo 127.0.0.1:27017
>use mydb //打开数据库，如果不存在该数据库则新建一个并打开数据库
switched to db mydb
>show dbs //显示数据库
admin
local //由于mydb 新建的数据库，无数据，所不未显示
>db //查看当前数据库
mydb
>show collections //查看当前库下所有集合
> //, 新建库无集合，所以未显示
>help//显示控制台命令：
db.help() help on db methods
db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods
sh.help() sharding helpers
rs.help() replica set helpers
help admin administrative help
help connect connecting to a db help
help keys key shortcuts
help misc misc things to know
help mr mapreduce
show dbs show database names
show collections show collections in current database
show users show users in current database
show profile show most recent system.profile entries
with time >= 1ms
show logs show the accessible logger names
show log [name] prints out the last segment of log in
memory, 'global' is default
use <db_name> set current database
db.foo.find() list objects in collection foo
db.foo.find( { a : 1 } ) list objects in foo where a == 1
it result of the last line evaluated; use to
further iterate
DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x set default number of items to display on
shell
exit quit the mongo shell
>db.help() 显示数据库支持的函数
DB methods:
db.adminCommand(nameOrDocument) - switches to 'admin' db,
and runs command [ just calls db.runCommand(...) ]
db.auth(username, password)
db.cloneDatabase(fromhost)
db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command
db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost)
db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } )
db.createView(name, viewOn, [ { $operator: {...}}, ... ], { viewOptions } )
db.createUser(userDocument)
db.currentOp() displays currently executing operations in the db
db.dropDatabase()
db.eval() - deprecated
db.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups
db.fsyncUnlock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock()
db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname
db.getCollectionInfos([filter]) - returns a list that
contains the names and options of the db's collections
db.getCollectionNames()
db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string
db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object
db.getLogComponents()
db.getMongo() get the server connection object
db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a
replication slave server
db.getName()
db.getPrevError()
db.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated
db.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold
db.getReplicationInfo()
db.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one
db.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern
used for any operations on this db, inherited from server object if set
db.hostInfo() get details about the server's host
db.isMaster() check replica primary status
db.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db
db.listCommands() lists all the db commands
db.loadServerScripts() loads all the scripts in db.system.js
db.logout()
db.printCollectionStats()
db.printReplicationInfo()
db.printShardingStatus()
db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
db.dropUser(username)
db.repairDatabase()
db.resetError()
db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command.
if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 }
db.serverStatus()
db.setLogLevel(level,<component>)
db.setProfilingLevel(level,<slowms>) 0=off 1=slow 2=all
db.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) -
sets the write concern for writes to the db
db.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) -
unsets the write concern for writes to the db
db.setVerboseShell(flag) display extra information in shell output
db.shutdownServer()
db.stats()
db.version() current version of the server
>db.mycollection.help()//显示集合的支持的操作 mycoll为集合的名字
DBCollection help
db.mycollection.find().help() - show DBCursor help
db.mycollection.bulkWrite( operations, <optional params> )
- bulk execute write operations,
optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.count( query = {}, <optional params> )
- count the number of documents that matches the
query, optional parameters are: limit, skip, hint,maxTimeMS
db.mycollection.copyTo(newColl) - duplicates collection by c
opying all documents to newColl; no indexes are copied.
db.mycollection.convertToCapped(maxBytes) - calls
{convertToCapped:'user', size:maxBytes}} command
db.mycollection.createIndex(keypattern[,options])
db.mycollection.createIndexes([keypatterns], <options>)
db.mycollection.dataSize()
db.mycollection.deleteOne( filter, <optional params> )
- delete first matching document, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.deleteMany( filter, <optional params> )
- delete all matching documents, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.distinct( key, query, <optional params> )
- e.g. db.mycollection.distinct( 'x' ), optional parameters are: maxTimeMS
db.mycollection.drop() drop the collection
db.mycollection.dropIndex(index)
- e.g. db.mycollection.dropIndex( "indexName" ) or
db.mycollection.dropIndex( { "indexKey" : 1 } )
db.mycollection.dropIndexes()
db.mycollection.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - DEPRECATED,
usecreateIndex() instead
db.mycollection.explain().help() - show explain help
db.mycollection.reIndex()
db.mycollection.find([query],[fields]) - query is an
optional query filter.fields is optional set of fields to return.
e.g. db.mycollection.find({x:77} , {name:1, x:1} )
db.mycollection.find(...).count()
db.mycollection.find(...).limit(n)
db.mycollection.find(...).skip(n)
db.mycollection.find(...).sort(...)
db.mycollection.findOne([query], [fields], [options], [readConcern])
db.mycollection.findOneAndDelete( filter, <optional params> )
- delete first matching document, optional parameters are
: projection, sort, maxTimeMS
db.mycollection.findOneAndReplace( filter, replacement,
<optional params> ) -replace first matching document,
optional parameters are: projection, sort,maxTimeMS, upsert,
returnNewDocument
db.mycollection.findOneAndUpdate( filter, update, <optional params> )
- updatefirst matching document, optional parameters are:
projection, sort, maxTimeMS,upsert, returnNewDocument
db.mycollection.getDB() get DB object associated with collection
db.mycollection.getPlanCache() get query plan cache
associated with collection
db.mycollection.getIndexes()
db.mycollection.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] })
db.mycollection.insert(obj)
db.mycollection.insertOne( obj, <optional params> )
- insert a document,optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.insertMany( [objects], <optional params> )
- insert multipledocuments, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> )
db.mycollection.aggregate( [pipeline], <optional params> )
- performs anaggregation on a collection; returns a cursor
db.mycollection.remove(query)
db.mycollection.replaceOne( filter, replacement, <optional params> )
- replacethe first matching document, optional parameters are:
upsert, w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames thecollection.
db.mycollection.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db
command with thegiven name where the
first param is the collection name
db.mycollection.save(obj)
db.mycollection.stats({scale: N, indexDetails: true/false,
indexDetailsKey:<index key>, index DetailsName: <index name>})
db.mycollection.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection
db.mycollection.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes
db.mycollection.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes
db.mycollection.update( query, object[, upsert_bool, multi_bool] )
- instead of two flags, you can pass an object
with fields: upsert, multi
db.mycollection.updateOne( filter, update, <optional params> )
- update the first matching document, optional parameters are:
upsert, w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.updateMany( filter, update, <optional params> )
- update all matching documents, optional parameters are:
upsert, w, wtimeout, j
db.mycollection.validate( <full> ) - SLOW
db.mycollection.getShardVersion() - only for use with sharding
db.mycollection.getShardDistribution() - prints statistics
about data distribution in the cluster
db.mycollection.getSplitKeysForChunks( <maxChunkSize> )
- calculates split points over all
chunks and returns splitter function
db.mycollection.getWriteConcern() - returns the write
concern used for any operations on this collection,
inherited from server/db if set
db.mycollection.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> )
- sets the write concern for writes to the collection
db.mycollection.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> )
- unsets the write concern for writes to the collection
db.mycollection.latencyStats()
- display operation latency histograms for this collection