一、mysql5.7采用二进制包安装（CentOS7.3）
官方安装文档：
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation.html二进制 rpm：
Yum Repository mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpmCentOS7.3机器环境部署：
[root@mysql1 ~]# rpm -q mariadb-server
package mariadb-server is not installed
[root@mysql1 ~]# sed -ri '/^SELINUX=/c\SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
[root@mysql1 ~]# setenforce 0方法：二进制 rpm
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html[root@mysql1 ~]# md5sum mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm[root@mysql1 ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm[root@mysql1 ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 9,591
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 392
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 45
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 59
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 247
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 1,962
repolist: 12,296过滤数据仓库
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community disabled
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - disabled
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community enabled: 45
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - S disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community enabled: 59
mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview - Source disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server disabled
mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server disabled
mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server enabled: 247
mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server - S disabled
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server disabled
mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server - S disabled查看已经开启数据仓库
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 45
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 59
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 247安装mysql数据库服务器及启动服务并设置为开机自启动
[root@mysql1 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
[root@mysql1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld //第一次启动先初始数据库
[root@mysql1 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld[root@mysql1 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf ib_buffer_pool mysql public_key.pem test
ca-key.pem ibdata1 mysql.sock school
ca.pem ib_logfile0 mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pem
client-cert.pem ib_logfile1 performance_schema server-key.pem
client-key.pem ibtmp1 private_key.pem sys查看mysql默认密码并使用默认密码登陆数据库
[root@mysql1 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-03-08T01:07:46.185157Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 7WZU6OMbBS*(
[root@mysql1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'7WZU6OMbBS*('
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>修改默认密码（密码要求：包含大小写字母、数字、符号，否者不允许修改），然后刷新授权表
mysql> set password=password('Zaq12wsx');
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> set password=password('Qwe123??');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 使用新密码登陆数据库
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -pQwe123??
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>查看databases
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)二、数据库基本操作
创建数据库并进入数据库
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed创建表
mysql> create table test1( tinyint_test tinyint, int_test int );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec查看当前数据库所包含的表
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)查看表结构
mysql> desc test1;
+--------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| tinyint_test | tinyint(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| int_test | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.11 sec)插入数据
mysql> insert into test1 values(111,111);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)数据库语法
CREATE DATABASE 数据库名;
数据库命名规则：
区分大小写
唯一性
不能使用关键字如 create select
不能单独使用数字
查看数据库
SHOW DATABASES;
选择数据库
SELECT database();
USE 数据库名示例（表基本操作）
1、student1
表school.student1
字段 字段 字段
id name sex age
1 tom male 23 记录
2 jack male 21 记录
3 alice female 19 记录create table 表名(
字段名1 类型[(宽度) 约束条件],
字段名2 类型[(宽度) 约束条件],
字段名3 类型[(宽度) 约束条件]
)[存储引擎 字符集];
==在同一张表中，字段名是不能相同
==宽度和约束条件可选
==字段名和类型是必须的mysql> CREATE DATABASE school; //创建数据库school
mysql> use school;
mysql> create table student1(
-> id int,
-> name varchar(50),
-> sex enum('m','f'),
-> age int
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql> show tables; //查看表（当前所在库）
+------------------+
| Tables_in_school |
+------------------+
| student1 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from student1; //查询表中所有字段的值
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select name,age from student1; //查询表中指定字段的值
Empty set (0.00 sec)向表中插入内容
语法：
insert into 表名(字段1,字段2...) values(字段值列表...);查看表结构
mysql> desc student1;
+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | enum('m','f') | YES | | NULL | |
| age | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)顺序插入
mysql> insert into student1 values
-> (1,'abel','m',33),
-> (2,'alice','f',20),
-> (3,'jack','m',40);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0只向指定的字段插入值
mysql> insert into student1(name,age) values ('zhuzhu',10), ('gougou',20);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0查询表内容
mysql> select * from student1;
+------+--------+------+------+
| id | name | sex | age |
+------+--------+------+------+
| 1 | abel | m | 33 |
| 2 | alice | f | 20 |
| 3 | jack | m | 40 |
| NULL | zhuzhu | NULL | 10 |
| NULL | gougou | NULL | 20 |
+------+--------+------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)2、表school.student2
id id int
姓名 name varchar(50)
出生年份 born_year year
生日 birthday date
上课时间 class_time time
注册时间 reg_time datetime创建student2表
mysql> create table student2(
-> id int,
-> name varchar(50),
-> born_year year,
-> birthday date,
-> class_time time,
-> reg_time datetime
-> );查询student2表结构
mysql> desc student2;
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
| born_year | year(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| birthday | date | YES | | NULL | |
| class_time | time | YES | | NULL | |
| reg_time | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> insert into student2 values(1,'tom',now(),now(),now(),now());
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)查询数据
mysql> select * from student2;
+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+
| id | name | born_year | birthday | class_time | reg_time |
+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+
| 1 | tom | 2018 | 2018-03-08 | 14:24:25 | 2018-03-08 14:24:25 |
+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> insert into student2 values(2,'jack',1982,19821120,123000,20140415162545);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from student2;
+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+
| id | name | born_year | birthday | class_time | reg_time |
+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+
| 1 | tom | 2018 | 2018-03-08 | 14:24:25 | 2018-03-08 14:24:25 |
| 2 | jack | 1982 | 1982-11-20 | 12:30:00 | 2014-04-15 16:25:45 |
+------+------+-----------+------------+------------+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)