mysql集群采用MHA+mycat+mysql主从复制+mycat-web监控构成由于篇幅过长 将分步骤发布
这里因为我电脑内存限制 没有做mycat的高可用 可以使用HAporxy+Keppalive实现mycat的高可用这样集群中就不存在单点故障
简介
基于GTID的复制是MySQL 5.6后新增的复制方式.
GTID (global transaction identifier) 即全局事务ID, 保证了在每个在主库上提交的事务在集群中有一个唯一的ID.
在原来基于日志的复制中, 从库需要告知主库要从哪个偏移量进行增量同步, 如果指定错误会造成数据的遗漏, 从而造成数据的不一致.
而基于GTID的复制中, 从库会告知主库已经执行的事务的GTID的值, 然后主库会将所有未执行的事务的GTID的列表返回给从库. 并且可以保证同一个事务只在指定的从库执行一次.
1.mysql配置基于gtid主从复制
安装脚本
id=`ifconfig eth0 | awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==2 {print $4}' | cut -d . -f 4`
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql -M
cd /application/tools/
tar xf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
ln -s /application/tools/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /application/mysql && echo success
cd /application
mkdir /application/mysql/{log,data,tmp} -p
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql
cd /application/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql ./*
cat << EOF >/etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
server_id= $id
port = 3306
user = mysql
character-set-server = utf8mb4
default_storage_engine = innodb
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /application/mysql
datadir = /application/mysql/data
pid-file = /application/mysql/data/mysql.pid
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 1000
table_open_cache = 1024
max_allowed_packet = 128M
open_files_limit = 65535
#####====================================[innodb]==============================
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_write_io_threads = 4
innodb_read_io_threads = 4
innodb_purge_threads = 2
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_undo_tablespaces=3
######====================================[log]==============================
log_error = /application/mysql/log/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /application/mysql/log/mysql-slow.log
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
log-bin=mysql-bin
##################slave设置参数##################
relay_log_purge=0
######====================================[gtid]============================
gtid_mode=on
enforce_gtid_consistency=on
log-slave-updates=1
EOF
cd /application/tools/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --innodb_undo_tablespaces=3 --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp && echo success
cp /application/tools/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysql on
service mysql start
cat << EOF >>/etc/profile
#for mysql
PATH=$PATH:/application/mysql/bin
EOF
source /etc/profile && echo success
password=`grep -i password /application/mysql/log/mysql-error.log | awk -F '[ :]+' '{print $14}' | head -1`
mysqladmin -uroot -p$password password 123456
创建复制用户 在master1中创建一个从机中可以登录的MySQL用户
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysql01'@'172.16.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql01'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; master2 CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.1.103', MASTER_USER='mysql01', MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql01', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1; slave CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.1.103', MASTER_USER='mysql01', MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql01', MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
开启复制
master2 START SLAVE; slave START SLAVE;
查看主从复制是否配置成功
master2 SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.16.1.103 Master_User: mysql01 Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1200 Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 472 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes slave SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.16.1.103 Master_User: mysql01 Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1200 Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 320 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes