1、安装命令：
$ sudo apt-get install valgrind安装成功如下：
检测版本命令：$ valgrind --version
2、valgrind检测工具tool介绍
（1）Memcheck是一个内存错误检测器。
（2）Cachegrind是缓存和分支预测分析器。
（3） Callgrind检查程序函数调用过程出现问题的工具。
（4） Helgrind是检测多线程程序出现错误的工具。
常用的检测工具有上面几个，本文安装的工具如下：
3、内存检测工具memcheck用法
使用命令：
//方法1： 直接输出到控制台
valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=full ./test //test为程序名
//方法2： 重定向到文件中log.txt中
valgrind --tool=memcheck --log-file=./log.txt --leak-check=full ./test demo
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout << "Hello World!" << endl;
{
char* pSubject = new char[1*1024];
}
return 0;
}
使用检测工具memcheck检测结果如下：
结果分析：
上面画线地方可以看到内存泄漏1024字节，代码在main.cpp的第10行。
官网对上面泄漏总结分类解释如下：
- “definitely lost” means your program is leaking memory – fix those leaks!
- “indirectly lost” means your program is leaking memory in a pointer-based structure. (E.g. if the root node of a binary tree is “definitely lost”, all the children will be “indirectly lost”.) If you fix the “definitely lost” leaks, the “indirectly lost” leaks should go away.
- “possibly lost” means your program is leaking memory, unless you’re doing unusual things with pointers that could cause them to point into the middle of an allocated block; see the user manual for some possible causes. Use --show-possibly-lost=no if you don’t want to see these reports.
- “still reachable” means your program is probably ok – it didn’t free some memory it could have. This is quite common and often reasonable. Don’t use --show-reachable=yes if you don’t want to see these reports.
- “suppressed” means that a leak error has been suppressed. There are some suppressions in the default suppression files. You can ignore suppressed errors.
可以看出绝对丢失的“definitely lost”必须需要修复。间接丢失“indirectly lost“，如果修复了绝对丢失，则间接丢失应该消失。
附加知识：
1、官网知识：Valgrind Home
2、linux valgrind 安装和使用_Zhongyl_的博客-CSDN博客
3、valgrind基本功能介绍、基础使用方法说明_valgrind 使用_HNU Latecomer的博客-CSDN博客
4、valgrind和vgdb使用：valgrind可以输出部分报告而无需退出配置文件应用程序吗？_RyanLeiWang的博客-CSDN博客