Windows Terminal 使用及美化

文本最后编辑时间：2020-06-13

前言

在这之前，我一直使用的都是 cmder，但是这东西说真的，有点难用。不过好在微软推出了 Windows Terminal，经过我的实测，感觉还是不错的。毕竟颜值才是第一生产力。

image-20200604173746487

开始操作

下载 Windows Terminal

下载很简单，在微软商店下载即可。

image-20200604172452842
安装一个字体，比较推荐的是 Fira Code。

单击此处从 GitHub 下载。
安装新款 Powershell Core

首先声明，我们这儿用的 Powershell 与 Windows 自带的 Powershell 是完全不同的两个东西，除了功能相似和名字相同，两者内在已经天差地别。

Powershell Core 是什么呢？这是伟大的 .Net Core 跨平台战略的一个重要组成部分，微软设想，要让强大的 .Net 在所有平台上通用，让这么强大的 Powershell 在所有平台上都能用，古老的 bash 可以退休了！

下载地址 (可下载最新版本，不一定要下载图中所示)

image-20200604172952110
安装 Powershell 插件
- PSReadLine
  
  PSReadLine 是一个由微软发布的用于 PowerShell 的行读取实现，提供了以下功能：
  - 语法着色
  - 简单语法错误通知
  - 良好的多行体验
  - 可自定义的键绑定
  - Cmd 和 Emacs 模式
  - 许多配置选项
  - Bash 样式的补全
  - Bash/zsh 样式的交互式历史记录搜索
  - Emacs yank/kill ring
  - 基于 PowerShell Token 的单词移动和删除
  - 撤销 / 重做
  - 自动保存历史记录，包括在实时会话中共享历史记录
  - 菜单补全、Intellisense
  GitHub 地址：https://github.com/PowerShell/PSReadLine
- oh-my-posh&posh-git
  
  类似于 oh-my-zsh，oh-my-posh 为 PowerShell 提供了很多自定义主题和配色，而 posh-git 为 PowerShell 提供了 git 状态显示和命令补全等。
  
  GitHub 地址：https://github.com/JanDeDobbeleer/oh-my-posh
看完上边的三个插件介绍，我们来安装这三个插件。

用管理员模式打开刚装好的新版 powershell，逐行输入命令。
```
# 1. 安装 PSReadline 包，该插件可以让命令行很好用，类似 zsh
Install-Module -Name PSReadLine -AllowPrerelease -Force

# 2. 安装 posh-git 包，让你的 git 更好用
Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser

# 3. 安装 oh-my-posh 包，让你的命令行更酷炫、优雅
Install-Module oh-my-posh -Scope CurrentUser
```
image-20200604174115515

image-20200604174201074

安装完成

一定要用刚刚安装的新版的 powershell，安装过程可能过于慢，请耐心等待。

后面两个包的来源可能不受系统信任，不用管它，如果让你选择是否信任，直接输入 Y 即可。

编辑 $Profile 文件。

这个文件类似于 ~/.zshrc，会在 PowerShell 启动的时候自动执行，因此我们在这个文件中加载我们所需的模块。

Windows

notepad.exe $Profile
Linux

nano $Profile

然后在这个文件中添加如下内容：

Import-Module posh-git # 引入 posh-git
Import-Module oh-my-posh # 引入 oh-my-posh

Set-Theme Paradox # 设置主题为 Paradox

Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key Tab -Function Complete # 设置 Tab 键补全
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+d" -Function MenuComplete # 设置 Ctrl+d 为菜单补全和 Intellisense
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+z" -Function Undo # 设置 Ctrl+z 为撤销
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key UpArrow -Function HistorySearchBackward # 设置向上键为后向搜索历史记录
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key DownArrow -Function HistorySearchForward # 设置向下键为前向搜索历史纪录

oh-my-posh 提供了 10 款漂亮的主题供我们选择。 Agnoster,Avit,Darkblood,Fish,Honukai,Paradox,PowerLine,robbyrussell,Sorin,tehrob

接下来打开 Windows Terminal。

Windows Terminal 默认为旧版本的 powershell，我们需要把新版本作为默认。

image-20200604175634559

修改的内容有三个，如果你不想自己改可以直接将我的粘贴到配置文件（需要注意的是：你的 commandline，如果按照默认路径安装（预览版），那么可以直接复制下边。正式版或者更换了安装位置，那么请手动更改位置。其他信息试自己能力进行修改）。

// This file was initially generated by Windows Terminal 1.0.1401.0
// It should still be usable in newer versions, but newer versions might have additional
// settings, help text, or changes that you will not see unless you clear this file
// and let us generate a new one for you.

// To view the default settings, hold "alt" while clicking on the "Settings" button.
// For documentation on these settings, see: https://aka.ms/terminal-documentation
{
    "$schema": "https://aka.ms/terminal-profiles-schema",

    "defaultProfile": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",

    // You can add more global application settings here.
    // To learn more about global settings, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-global-settings

    // If enabled, selections are automatically copied to your clipboard.
    "copyOnSelect": false,

    // If enabled, formatted data is also copied to your clipboard
    "copyFormatting": false,

    // A profile specifies a command to execute paired with information about how it should look and feel.
    // Each one of them will appear in the 'New Tab' dropdown,
    //   and can be invoked from the commandline with `wt.exe -p xxx`
    // To learn more about profiles, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-profile-settings
    "profiles": {
        "defaults": {
            // Put settings here that you want to apply to all profiles.
        },
        "list": [
            {
                // Make changes here to the powershell.exe profile.
                "guid": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
                "name": "Windows PowerShell",
                "commandline": "powershell.exe",
                "hidden": false
            },
            {
                // Make changes here to the cmd.exe profile.
                "guid": "{0caa0dad-35be-5f56-a8ff-afceeeaa6101}",
                "name": "命令提示符",
                "commandline": "cmd.exe",
                "hidden": false
            },
            {
                "guid": "{b453ae62-4e3d-5e58-b989-0a998ec441b8}",
                "hidden": false,
                "name": "Azure Cloud Shell",
                "source": "Windows.Terminal.Azure"
            },
            {
                "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
                "hidden": false,
                "name": "PowerShell",
                "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore"
            },
            {
                // Powershell 7 配置
                "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
                "hidden": false,
                "name": "pwsh",
                // 注意：一定要写上 -nologo，否则开启 powershll 会有一段话输出，很讨厌！
                // 如果下载的是正是版，那么路径为：C:/Program Files/PowerShell/7/pwsh.exe -nologo
                "commandline": "C:/Program Files/PowerShell/7-preview/pwsh.exe -nologo",
                "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore",
                // 启动菜单一定要设置为 <.>，否则后面重要的一步将会无效！
                "startingDirectory": ".",
                // 字体
                "fontFace": "Fira Code",
                "fontSize": 11,
                "historySize": 9001,
                "padding": "5, 5, 20, 25",
                "snapOnInput": true,
                "useAcrylic": false,
                // 颜色
                "colorScheme": "idleToes"
            }    ]
    },

    // Add custom color schemes to this array.
    // To learn more about color schemes, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-color-schemes
    "schemes": [
        {
            "name": "Zenburn",
            "black": "#4d4d4d",
            "red": "#705050",
            "green": "#60b48a",
            "yellow": "#f0dfaf",
            "blue": "#506070",
            "purple": "#dc8cc3",
            "cyan": "#8cd0d3",
            "white": "#dcdccc",
            "brightBlack": "#709080",
            "brightRed": "#dca3a3",
            "brightGreen": "#c3bf9f",
            "brightYellow": "#e0cf9f",
            "brightBlue": "#94bff3",
            "brightPurple": "#ec93d3",
            "brightCyan": "#93e0e3",
            "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
            "background": "#3f3f3f",
            "foreground": "#dcdccc"
        },
        {
            "name": "PencilDark",
            "black": "#212121",
            "red": "#c30771",
            "green": "#10a778",
            "yellow": "#a89c14",
            "blue": "#008ec4",
            "purple": "#523c79",
            "cyan": "#20a5ba",
            "white": "#d9d9d9",
            "brightBlack": "#424242",
            "brightRed": "#fb007a",
            "brightGreen": "#5fd7af",
            "brightYellow": "#f3e430",
            "brightBlue": "#20bbfc",
            "brightPurple": "#6855de",
            "brightCyan": "#4fb8cc",
            "brightWhite": "#f1f1f1",
            "background": "#212121",
            "foreground": "#f1f1f1"
        },
        {
            "name": "Slate",
            "black": "#222222",
            "red": "#e2a8bf",
            "green": "#81d778",
            "yellow": "#c4c9c0",
            "blue": "#264b49",
            "purple": "#a481d3",
            "cyan": "#15ab9c",
            "white": "#02c5e0",
            "brightBlack": "#ffffff",
            "brightRed": "#ffcdd9",
            "brightGreen": "#beffa8",
            "brightYellow": "#d0ccca",
            "brightBlue": "#7ab0d2",
            "brightPurple": "#c5a7d9",
            "brightCyan": "#8cdfe0",
            "brightWhite": "#e0e0e0",
            "background": "#222222",
            "foreground": "#35b1d2"
        },
        {
            "name": "OneHalfDark",
            "black": "#282c34",
            "red": "#e06c75",
            "green": "#98c379",
            "yellow": "#e5c07b",
            "blue": "#61afef",
            "purple": "#c678dd",
            "cyan": "#56b6c2",
            "white": "#dcdfe4",
            "brightBlack": "#282c34",
            "brightRed": "#e06c75",
            "brightGreen": "#98c379",
            "brightYellow": "#e5c07b",
            "brightBlue": "#61afef",
            "brightPurple": "#c678dd",
            "brightCyan": "#56b6c2",
            "brightWhite": "#dcdfe4",
            "background": "#282c34",
            "foreground": "#dcdfe4"
        },
        {
            "name": "OneHalfLight",
            "black": "#383a42",
            "red": "#e45649",
            "green": "#50a14f",
            "yellow": "#c18401",
            "blue": "#0184bc",
            "purple": "#a626a4",
            "cyan": "#0997b3",
            "white": "#fafafa",
            "brightBlack": "#4f525e",
            "brightRed": "#e06c75",
            "brightGreen": "#98c379",
            "brightYellow": "#e5c07b",
            "brightBlue": "#61afef",
            "brightPurple": "#c678dd",
            "brightCyan": "#56b6c2",
            "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
            "background": "#fafafa",
            "foreground": "#383a42"
        },
        {
            "name": "Material",
            "black": "#212121",
            "red": "#b7141f",
            "green": "#457b24",
            "yellow": "#f6981e",
            "blue": "#134eb2",
            "purple": "#560088",
            "cyan": "#0e717c",
            "white": "#efefef",
            "brightBlack": "#424242",
            "brightRed": "#e83b3f",
            "brightGreen": "#7aba3a",
            "brightYellow": "#ffea2e",
            "brightBlue": "#54a4f3",
            "brightPurple": "#aa4dbc",
            "brightCyan": "#26bbd1",
            "brightWhite": "#d9d9d9",
            "background": "#eaeaea",
            "foreground": "#232322"
        },
        {
            "name": "MaterialDark",
            "black": "#212121",
            "red": "#b7141f",
            "green": "#457b24",
            "yellow": "#f6981e",
            "blue": "#134eb2",
            "purple": "#560088",
            "cyan": "#0e717c",
            "white": "#efefef",
            "brightBlack": "#424242",
            "brightRed": "#e83b3f",
            "brightGreen": "#7aba3a",
            "brightYellow": "#ffea2e",
            "brightBlue": "#54a4f3",
            "brightPurple": "#aa4dbc",
            "brightCyan": "#26bbd1",
            "brightWhite": "#d9d9d9",
            "background": "#232322",
            "foreground": "#e5e5e5"
        },
        {
            "name": "Homebrew",
            "black": "#000000",
            "red": "#FC5275",
            "green": "#00a600",
            "yellow": "#999900",
            "blue": "#6666e9",
            "purple": "#b200b2",
            "cyan": "#00a6b2",
            "white": "#bfbfbf",
            "brightBlack": "#666666",
            "brightRed": "#e50000",
            "brightGreen": "#00d900",
            "brightYellow": "#e5e500",
            "brightBlue": "#0000ff",
            "brightPurple": "#e500e5",
            "brightCyan": "#00e5e5",
            "brightWhite": "#e5e5e5",
            "background": "#283033",
            "foreground": "#00ff00"
        },
        {
            "name": "Breeze",
            "black": "#31363b",
            "red": "#ed1515",
            "green": "#11d116",
            "yellow": "#f67400",
            "blue": "#1d99f3",
            "purple": "#9b59b6",
            "cyan": "#1abc9c",
            "white": "#eff0f1",
            "brightBlack": "#7f8c8d",
            "brightRed": "#c0392b",
            "brightGreen": "#1cdc9a",
            "brightYellow": "#fdbc4b",
            "brightBlue": "#3daee9",
            "brightPurple": "#8e44ad",
            "brightCyan": "#16a085",
            "brightWhite": "#fcfcfc",
            "background": "#31363b",
            "foreground": "#eff0f1"
        },
        {
            "name": "idleToes",
            "black": "#323232",
            "red": "#d25252",
            "green": "#7fe173",
            "yellow": "#ffc66d",
            "blue": "#4099ff",
            "purple": "#f680ff",
            "cyan": "#bed6ff",
            "white": "#eeeeec",
            "brightBlack": "#535353",
            "brightRed": "#f07070",
            "brightGreen": "#9dff91",
            "brightYellow": "#ffe48b",
            "brightBlue": "#5eb7f7",
            "brightPurple": "#ff9dff",
            "brightCyan": "#dcf4ff",
            "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
            "background": "#323232",
            "foreground": "#00ff00"
        },
        {
            "name": "Firewatch",
            "black": "#585f6d",
            "red": "#d95360",
            "green": "#5ab977",
            "yellow": "#dfb563",
            "blue": "#4d89c4",
            "purple": "#d55119",
            "cyan": "#44a8b6",
            "white": "#e6e5ff",
            "brightBlack": "#585f6d",
            "brightRed": "#d95360",
            "brightGreen": "#5ab977",
            "brightYellow": "#dfb563",
            "brightBlue": "#4c89c5",
            "brightPurple": "#d55119",
            "brightCyan": "#44a8b6",
            "brightWhite": "#e6e5ff",
            "background": "#1e2027",
            "foreground": "#9ba2b2"
        },
        {
            "name": "Github",
            "black": "#3e3e3e",
            "red": "#970b16",
            "green": "#07962a",
            "yellow": "#f8eec7",
            "blue": "#003e8a",
            "purple": "#e94691",
            "cyan": "#89d1ec",
            "white": "#ffffff",
            "brightBlack": "#666666",
            "brightRed": "#de0000",
            "brightGreen": "#87d5a2",
            "brightYellow": "#f1d007",
            "brightBlue": "#2e6cba",
            "brightPurple": "#ffa29f",
            "brightCyan": "#1cfafe",
            "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
            "background": "#f4f4f4",
            "foreground": "#3e3e3e"
        }
    ],

    // Add custom keybindings to this array.
    // To unbind a key combination from your defaults.json, set the command to "unbound".
    // To learn more about keybindings, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-keybindings
    "keybindings": [
        // Copy and paste are bound to Ctrl+Shift+C and Ctrl+Shift+V in your defaults.json.
        // These two lines additionally bind them to Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V.
        // To learn more about selection, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-selection
        { "command": { "action": "copy", "singleLine": false }, "keys": "ctrl+c" },
        { "command": "paste", "keys": "ctrl+v" },

        // Press Ctrl+Shift+F to open the search box
        { "command": "find", "keys": "ctrl+shift+f" },

        // Press Alt+Shift+D to open a new pane.
        // - "split": "auto" makes this pane open in the direction that provides the most surface area.
        // - "splitMode": "duplicate" makes the new pane use the focused pane's profile.
        // To learn more about panes, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-panes
        {
            "command": {
                "action": "splitPane",
                "split": "auto",
                "splitMode": "duplicate"
            },
            "keys": "alt+shift+d"
        }
    ]
}

defaultProfile

将 defaultProfile 改为新的 powershell。

"defaultProfile": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",

list

在 list 中新增一个配置，也就是我们的新版 powershell。

{
    // Powershell 7.1.0-preview.2 配置
    "guid": "{574e775e-4f2a-5b96-ac1e-a2962a402336}",
    "hidden": false,
    "name": "pwsh",
    // 注意：一定要写上 -nologo，否则开启 powershll 会有一段话输出，很讨厌！
    "commandline": "C:/Program Files/PowerShell/7-preview/pwsh.exe -nologo",
    "source": "Windows.Terminal.PowershellCore",
    // 启动菜单一定要设置为 <.>，否则后面重要的一步将会无效！
    "startingDirectory": ".",
    // 字体
    "fontFace": "Fira Code",
    "fontSize": 11,
    "historySize": 9001,
    "padding": "5, 5, 20, 25",
    "snapOnInput": true,
    "useAcrylic": false,
    // 颜色
    "colorScheme": "idleToes"
},

colorScheme

这个也就是配色。

{
    "name": "idleToes",
    "black": "#323232",
    "red": "#d25252",
    "green": "#7fe173",
    "yellow": "#ffc66d",
    "blue": "#4099ff",
    "purple": "#f680ff",
    "cyan": "#bed6ff",
    "white": "#eeeeec",
    "brightBlack": "#535353",
    "brightRed": "#f07070",
    "brightGreen": "#9dff91",
    "brightYellow": "#ffe48b",
    "brightBlue": "#5eb7f7",
    "brightPurple": "#ff9dff",
    "brightCyan": "#dcf4ff",
    "brightWhite": "#ffffff",
    "background": "#323232",
    "foreground": "#00ff00"
},

配置鼠标右键

完成上面的操作后，重新打开 Windows Terminal 就会发现模样已经变化了。

image-20200604180232963

接下来就是配置鼠标右键了，添加鼠标右键的方式有两种，一种是用脚本，另一种就是改注册表。我本人比较推荐直接使用脚本，毕竟修改注册表有风险。。。
1. 直接使用脚本
  
  脚本下载地址：https://github.com/lextm/windowsterminal-shell/
  
  在 .\install.ps1 后面接参数可以定制你要的效果，该仓库提供了三个效果。如果不加参数，则使用默认效果。该仓库有个好处，那就是可以添加一个右键【以管理员身份在此打开】的选项，简便了不少。
  
  再次使用管理员模式打开 PowerShell7，然后切换到放 install.ps1 的目录进行安装。我这里使用默认安装。如果你想用其他模式，也可以使用其他模式，看自己心情即可。其他模式请参考项目文档。
  
  image-20200604180936562
  
  image-20200604180956425
2. 修改注册表。
  
  自行百度
接下来我们到对应目录点击 pwsh 即可呼唤出新版的 powershell。

问题说明

实验环境

VMware 下的 Windows2004 版本
本文中所使用的文件打包

https://tzk.lanzous.com/b06lz9sfa
密码:dkqs

文章作者: Dreamy.TZK

文章链接: https://www.antmoe.com/posts/614360dd/index.html