Flink 异步IO实践

一、Aysnc I/O 是啥？

流计算系统中经常需要与外部系统进行交互，比如需要查询外部数据库以关联上用户的额外信息。Flink Async I/O API 允许用户在数据流中使用异步请求客户端访问外部存储。该API处理与数据流的集成，以及消息顺序性(Order)、事件时间(event time)、一致性(容错)等脏活累活。用户只需要专注于业务。

二、业务实现：访问外部系统实时获取用户所在位置信息（省市信息、区号等）

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.async.ResultFuture;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.async.RichAsyncFunction;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.CloseableHttpAsyncClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.HttpAsyncClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
public class AsyncFunction extends RichAsyncFunction<String, ActivityBean> {
 
    // transient 不参与序列化 不持久化缓存状态
    private transient CloseableHttpAsyncClient httpClient = null;
 
    @Override
    public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
        // 初始化异步httpClient
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
                .setSocketTimeout(3000)  // socket超时时间
                .setConnectTimeout(3000) // 链接超时时间
                .build();
 
        httpClient = HttpAsyncClients.custom()
                .setMaxConnTotal(20) // 最多可创建的httpClient请求
                .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
                .build();
 
        httpClient.start();
    }
 
    @Override
    public void asyncInvoke(String input, ResultFuture<ActivityBean> resultFuture) throws Exception {
        String[] fields = input.split(",");
        String uid = fields[0];
        String aid = fields[1];
        String time = fields[2];
        int eventType = Integer.parseInt(fields[3]);
        String longitude = fields[4];
        String latitude = fields[5];
 
        String url = "mytest";
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        Future<HttpResponse> future = httpClient.execute(httpGet, null);
 
        CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(new Supplier<String>() {
            @Override
            public String get() {
                try {
                    HttpResponse httpResponse = future.get();
                    String province = null;
                    if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                        // 获取请求的json字符串
                        String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
                        // 转成json对象
                        JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(result);
                        // 获取位置信息
                        JSONObject regeocode = jsonObject.getJSONObject("regeocode");
                        if (regeocode != null && !regeocode.isEmpty()) {
                            JSONObject address = regeocode.getJSONObject("addressComponent");
                            // 获取省市区
                            province = address.getString("province");
                        }
                    }
 
                    return  province;
 
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    return null;
                }
            }
        }).thenAccept((String province) -> {
            resultFuture.complete(Collections.singleton(ActivityBean.of(uid, aid, null, time, eventType, province)));
        });
 
 
    }
 
    @Override
    public void close() throws Exception {
        httpClient.close();
    }
}

三、最佳实践

Async I/O operator提供完全exactly-once容错保证，它将运行中的异步请求记录存储在检查点中，并在从故障恢复时恢复/重新触发请求

最佳实践

1.使用Executor作为Future的回调时，推荐使用线程切换开销较小的DirectExecutor，可以选择下面任意方式或得：

org.apache.flink.runtime.concurrent.Executors.directExecutor()

com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors.directExecutor()

2.asyncInvoke#asyncInvoke不是被Flink多线程调用的，不要在里面直接使用阻塞操作。